N-18Response to Undertakings - Redacted
11 passages
Out of Scope - Economic, siting, policy, or environmental impacts - Alternative modeling approaches—these results may differ from other analyses - Quantified impacts of planned projects - Endorsement of specific projects, as additional pla...
AI summary The text outlines topics considered out of scope for the regulatory proceeding, including economic and environmental impacts, alternative modeling approaches, quantified project impacts, endorsement of specific projects, and recent changes to load forecasts and renewable targets.
can still challenge the available energy supply. - Some identified transmission additions could be addressed by projects already in the planning, permitting, or construction phases. Likewise, existing system capability to switch resources...
AI summary The analysis identifies potential energy deficiencies across all 12 weather years evaluated, with a maximum resource deficiency of 10 GW in Québec. It also highlights the need for additional transfer capability, estimating 14 GW could improve energy adequacy under extreme conditions. Solutions such as transmission, local resources, demand-side measures, and storage are recommended.
Important Study Considerations While the Canadian Analysis used engineering study approaches deployed within industry planning processes, it is not a planning study. Reliability, in the form of energy adequacy, is the sole focus of the stu...
AI summary The study focuses on reliability and energy adequacy, not economic justification for transmission upgrades. It identifies potential increases in transfer capability during extreme conditions but does not consider local solutions or endorse specific projects. NERC acknowledges additional benefits of transmission beyond reliability.
Selected Weather Years A two-pronged approach for inputs and assumptions was used to study a variety of conditions across 12 different weather years. This approach combined synthetic, modeled datasets from 2007 to 2013[64](#page-90-3) with...
AI summary The analysis used a two-pronged approach combining synthetic data from 2007 to 2013 and historical data from 2019 to 2023 to study various weather conditions across 12 years, enhancing the dataset for analysis.
Figure 4.1: Two-Pronged Approach for Historical Weather Data Note: The hourly energy margin analysis applied historical weather year data to simulate future grid operations under similar conditions but did not simulate historical operation...
AI summary This section discusses a two-pronged approach using historical weather data to evaluate future grid operations under extreme weather conditions. It highlights the use of 12 weather years to simulate load and resource availability, noting that the selected years do not represent all possible extreme weather scenarios.
Step 1: Identify Hours of Resource Deficiency The transfer capability additions process begins with calculating the hourly energy margin for each TPR. Unlike traditional planning reserve margins that evaluate the supply and demand during e...
AI summary The energy margin analysis calculates the hourly energy margin for each TPR over 12 weather years, assessing potential surplus or deficit across all hours of the year. This method considers variable renewables, storage scheduling, outages, and weather-dependent load fluctuations, providing a time-synchronized dataset for comparing TPRs.
The 2024 case was used for benchmarking, but the simulations did not attempt to recreate actual operations. is largely capable of maintaining energy adequacy across diverse scenarios except under the most challenging conditions. The 2024 c...
AI summary The 2024 case serves as a benchmark for evaluating future energy adequacy, particularly in the 2033 scenario. Simulations applied historical weather conditions to the 2024 resource mix, revealing insights into potential impacts of future changes in resource mixes, load growth, and extreme weather events. Tables 6.2 and 6.3 quantify resource deficiencies in terms of energy (GWh) and hours of deficiency.
2033 Energy Margin Analysis Results The 2033 case analysis mirrors the 2024 analysis but accounts for continued load growth, retirements, and new resource additions. The assumptions for load growth, retirements, and resource additions were...
AI summary The 2033 Energy Margin Analysis builds on the 2024 analysis, factoring in continued load growth, retirements, and new resources. Projections from the 2023 LTRA inform the assumptions. Table 6.4 outlines maximum resource deficiencies across TPRs and weather years, with purple highlighting indicating deficiencies in both summer and winter.
Energy Adequacy by Iteration Section - This section provides information on each iteration of the simulation, whether or not transfer capability was added for the respective TPR. In general, the energy adequacy metrics will improve in each...
AI summary This section explains how energy adequacy metrics are evaluated across different iterations of a simulation, focusing on tight margin hours, resource deficiency hours, max resource deficiency, and total deficiency across 12 weather years.
Expand Use of Data Reporting Systems All entities were very responsive to data requests throughout the study process. However, NERC noted several areas of improvement: - The compilation of outage data was more complicated and time-intensiv...
AI summary NERC identified challenges in data reporting during the study, including complicated outage data compilation, lack of publicly available energy data, and inconsistent resource forecast reporting. Recommendations include expanding use of the GADS system, making energy data publicly available, and standardizing resource forecast reporting to improve future studies and decision-making.
Target Forecast (2023 LTRA Annual Energy, Summer and Winter Peak Loads) Historical hourly load provided by the Canadian utilities from 2019 to 2023 served as the foundational dataset used to simulate the 2019–2023 weather years and to esti...
AI summary The document discusses the methodology used to forecast energy and peak load demand for 2024 and 2033 based on historical load data from 2019 to 2023, adjusted to account for net energy and the impact of behind-the-meter photovoltaic (BTM PV) systems.