Topic:"Grid Modernization" in M08929

small commercial and small industrial customers, and Auto-DR for the remaining customer classes). Industry experience suggests that the impact of the rate is enhanced when paired with enabling technology. The study assumes an opt-in type o...

AI summary The text discusses assumptions for demand response (DR) programs, including the need for smart meters and opt-in participation. It highlights the integration of DR with behavioral energy efficiency programs and the use of similar studies and professional judgment to estimate participation rates, unit load reductions, and costs for DR options.

x /ŶƚĂŬĞůĂƐƐŝĨŝĐĂƚŝŽŶͲĂƚĞŐŽƌLJ͕ƚǁŝŶĞdžƉŽƐĞĚĂďŽǀĞŐƌŽƵŶĚƉĞŶƐƚŽĐŬƐ͖ x ƌĐŚŝƚĞĐƚƵƌĂůůĂƐƐŝĨŝĐĂƚŝŽŶʹĂƚĞŐŽƌLJ͕ƌĞŝŶĨŽƌĐĞĚĐŽŶĐƌĞƚĞ͕ƐƚĞĞůĂŶĚŵĂƐŽŶƌLJ͖    ϯϴ     REDACTED (CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION REMOVED) REDACTED Hydr...

AI summary The document discusses the evaluation of hydro assets, including the analysis of energy generation, infrastructure planning, and grid management. It highlights the importance of asset management, system reliability, and the integration of renewable energy resources.

d/Dd ^hDDZz&KZ^^ dZ d/Z D EdK>/'d/KE^;ZKͿ^dhz;LJ^LJƐƚĞŵͿ   ϱ͘ &ĂůůZŝǀĞƌ,LJĚƌŽ ůĞĐƚƌŝĐ^LJƐƚĞŵ dŚĞ&ĂůůZŝǀĞƌĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚĐŽŶƐŝƐƚƐŽĨĂƐŝŶŐůĞŚLJĚƌŽͲĞůĞĐƚƌŝĐĚĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚĂŶĚƉŽǁĞƌŚŽƵƐĞ͘dŚŝƐƐƚĂŶĚͲ ĂůŽŶĞĚĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚĐŽŶ...

AI summary This section discusses the implementation of a program aimed at improving energy efficiency through the use of advanced metering infrastructure and other measures. It highlights the importance of ensuring that programs are designed to promote energy efficiency and reduce costs for customers.

32 8.2.1 Bulk Power System (BPS) .................................................................................................. 53 33 8.2.2 Bulk Electric System (BES) .......................................................................

AI summary The document outlines sections related to bulk power systems, bulk electric systems, transmission planning, and grid modernization from 2019 to 2029. Topics include transmission life extension, project approvals, wind integration studies, and development plans for the Western Valley Transmission System. The conclusion section is also referenced.

Page 16 of 67 2019 Ten-Year System Outlook NON-CONFIDENTIAL 1 As illustrated in Figure 6 below, NS Power’s firm peak demand has been increasing at a 2 trend of approximately one percent per year. While energy is increasingly being 3 produc...

AI summary NS Power projects a 1% annual increase in firm peak demand, relying on conventional resources and firm imports despite growing renewable energy. The 10-year unit utilization forecast uses the Plexos model, adjusting for changing fuel prices, load forecasts, and system constraints. Steam units provide critical load-following services.

not included in NS Power’s sourced wind generation but contributes to operational 23 considerations of the total amount of wind generation. 24 25 7.3.1 Energy Resource Interconnection Service Connected Resources 26 In the 2018 10-Year Syst...

AI summary The text discusses the 2018 10-Year System Outlook Report by NS Power, which evaluated the potential capacity contribution of Energy Resource Interconnection Service (ERIS) facilities. It references a UARB Decision Letter from October 5, 2018, regarding generation utilization and optimization.

19 Page 56 of 67 2019 Ten-Year System Outlook NON-CONFIDENTIAL

AI summary The document presents the 2019 Ten-Year System Outlook, providing a non-confidential overview of the Bulk Electric System (BES) and related planning efforts, including coordination tasks and system studies.

elopment Goals Act, which established provincial greenhouse gas emission reduction goals of at least 10% below 1990 levels by 2020; at least 53% below 2005 levels by 2030; and “at net zero” by 2050. A growing consensus of economy-wide stud...

AI summary The text outlines Nova Scotia's greenhouse gas emission reduction targets under the Sustainable Development Goals Act, emphasizing the role of electrification in decarbonization. It highlights the need for the 2020 Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) to address renewable energy integration, coal replacement, and grid modernization to meet climate commitments while ensuring system reliability.

& Capacity Study 4. Monitor, track and project sustaining capital costs for the thermal fleet. Supply Options Study 5. Establish requirements to allow increased levels of wind on NSPI system. … NSPI should Renewables Stability Synapse dete...

AI summary The text outlines a series of actions related to capacity studies, renewable energy integration, and regional collaboration. Key points include monitoring sustaining capital costs for thermal fleets, increasing wind energy on the NSPI system, and exploring coal retirement alternatives after Lingan 2.

Pre-IRP Deliverables Page 12 of 34 Distributed Energy Resources ¬ DERs are technologies located close to customer load or on the customer side of the electricity meter i.e. behind-the-meter Solar Smart PV Thermostats … and more Battery Ele...

AI summary The text discusses distributed energy resources (DERs), their growing popularity due to technological advancements and declining costs, and their potential role in grid flexibility and renewable energy integration. Examples include smart thermostats, electric vehicles, and energy-efficient appliances.

9 ESSENTIAL GRID/ RELIABILITY SERVICES Essential Grid/Reliability Service Of particular importance in modeling scenarios with high penetration of renewables Resource Type Energy Firm Capacity Operating Reserves Inertia Frequency Response R...

AI summary The text emphasizes the importance of modeling scenarios with high renewable energy penetration and significant thermal generation retirements, focusing on the provision of essential grid/reliability services and their associated costs.

generation retirements is the provision of essential Combustion Turbine grid/reliability services (and the Hydro associated costs of obtaining them). Wind Solar NS Power will work with stakeholders through the Battery Storage Assumptions D...

AI summary The document discusses the importance of grid and reliability services, including combustion turbines, hydro, wind, solar, battery storage, and demand response, in maintaining a stable and reliable grid. NS Power plans to collaborate with stakeholders to understand the opportunities and challenges associated with these services.

IRP Update Appendix 1 Page 82 of 487 Attachment 5 - Pre-IRP Deliverables Page 17 of 89 Overview of Jurisdictional Review ¬ E3 conducted a review of reliability standards and planning practices mainly across several North American electric...

AI summary E3 conducted a review of reliability standards and planning practices across North American electric jurisdictions, concluding that NSPI aligns with industry best practices. The review focused on reliability metrics, planning practices, and PRM conventions, with NSPI planning to a 1-day-in-10 year standard or 0.1 days/yr loss of load expectation (LOLE).

• The loss of the tie to New Brunswick is the most significant contingency FOR IRP impacting system stability and associated planning and operational actions. SCENARIOS • Other renewable enabling technologies such as large scale batteries...

AI summary The loss of the tie to New Brunswick is a major contingency impacting system stability. Alternative solutions like large-scale batteries and synchronous condensers can help manage inverter-based generation but do not fully eliminate reliability issues. The second tie may change the need for minimum online thermal units, and grid code revisions are seen as a potential solution for system stability.

\VWHPVWDELOLW\WKHUHLV LQFUHDVLQJUHFRJQLWLRQWKDWV\QWKHWLFDOWHUQDWLYHVFDQEHHIIHFWLYHDQGFRVWHIILFLHQW$Q\ H[SDQGHGDQDO\VLVVKRXOGHYDOXDWHVXFKDOWHUQDWLYHV x 7KHVWXG\DVVHUWVWKDW³>L@QWURGXFLQJODUJHUYROXPHVRISRZHU...

AI summary The text discusses the increasing recognition of synthetic alternatives as effective and cost-efficient, emphasizing the need for expanded analysis to evaluate such alternatives. It also highlights the importance of addressing potential grid code modifications and their implications, which were not adequately addressed in previous studies.

edge and involvement in those jurisdictions. The main driver behind this study has been the directive issued by the Nova Scotia Utility and Review Board (NS-UARB) regarding the need for such a study: “Establish requirements to allow increa...

AI summary This study, mandated by the Nova Scotia Utility and Review Board (NS-UARB), examines the technical requirements for increasing wind energy integration on the Nova Scotia Power Inc. (NSPI) system. It involves international comparisons and transient stability simulations to assess system adequacy and potential solutions for stability and voltage support.

It is unclear what level of synthetic inertia can be used to replace synchronous inertia. NSP is currently investigating synthetic inertia in wind farms and the possibility of grid code revision to include such services for future wind far...

AI summary The document discusses the investigation into synthetic inertia in wind farms and potential grid code revisions, as well as the feasibility of Virtual Synchronous Generators (VSG) as a substitute for synchronous condensers. It also notes that the study did not set volume limits for additional wind resources and recommends further analysis.

control. Because DR will be considered as a dispatchable resource integrated with routine day-ahead dispatching planning and real-time system operation, we don’t see additional resource needed regarding the operation at system level. 7.13...

AI summary The text discusses the integration of demand response (DR) as a dispatchable resource within day-ahead dispatching and real-time system operations, noting no additional system-level resource is needed. It outlines anticipated technologies for control devices, including switch controllers, smart meters, AMI infrastructure, cloud-based platforms, and DERMS.

1.2 Nova Scotia Power's System Transformation This IRP represents a blueprint for a significant transformation in the way Nova Scotia Power generates and purchases electricity to serve its customers across the province. The scenarios consi...

AI summary Nova Scotia Power's Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) outlines a strategy to accelerate greenhouse gas emission reductions, aligning with climate goals. The plan emphasizes technological innovation, rate stability, and the role of aging hydro facilities like Wreck Cove, now critical for integrating variable renewable energy.

1.9.1 Action Plan The Action Plan includes insights and ranges informed by the model outputs and findings, as analyzed across the scenarios. These will continue to be reviewed and updated, and should be understood in terms of their orders...

AI summary The Action Plan outlines a Regional Integration Strategy to enhance Nova Scotia's energy reliability and access to low carbon energy, including the development of a Reliability Tie and Regional Interconnection. Electrification is highlighted as a key variable in the Integrated Resource Plan, supporting provincial decarbonization goals.

3.1.3 Ancillary Grid Services and Variable Renewable Energy Integration The Nova Scotia Power system, like all electric power systems, requires various ancillary grid services including ramping and load-following reserves, reactive power s...

AI summary The Nova Scotia Power system requires ancillary grid services such as ramping, reactive power support, and voltage control, which were previously provided by thermal and hydro generators. With the retirement of coal-fired units, alternative sources of these services are needed, especially as non-synchronous generation increases. Ancillary services like regulation reserve and synchronous inertia are modeled in the Integrated Resource Plan to ensure stable power system operation.

Figure 15. Integration Options for Incremental Wind Incremental Wind Available (MW) by Electrification Level No Integration Requirements Reliability Tie Domestic Integration (Batteries + Sync. Condenser) Total Incremental Wind Available Lo...

AI summary Figure 15 outlines the integration options for incremental wind capacity based on electrification levels, showing varying amounts of wind available under different integration scenarios, such as no integration requirements, reliability tie, and domestic integration involving batteries and synchronous condensers.

7.3 Roadmap As described in the IRP Terms of Reference, the IRP Roadmap is designed to identify signposts to monitor and decision gates to be addressed in order to enable the appropriate triggering of changes to the Strategy, based on futu...

AI summary The IRP Roadmap outlines key monitoring variables and decision points for Nova Scotia Power to refine its long-term strategy. It includes advancing engineering studies on coal-to-gas conversions and conducting system stability studies to evaluate grid impacts from increased wind capacity and new ancillary services.

el costs. E3 will undertake a more detailed review of costs in Phase 2 of this analysis.  Electricity Sector Modeling: This study did not perform detailed dispatch or capacity expansion modeling. Efforts to more completely characterize po...

AI summary The analysis highlights the need for more detailed electricity sector modeling, including dispatch and capacity expansion, to assess impacts on peak load and grid reliability. It also emphasizes the importance of evaluating consumer adoption of low-carbon technologies and the technical feasibility of integrating these technologies into the grid.

up to ~450 MW. Non-Firm Import Options: • Import energy via existing transmission (Maritime Link and New Brunswick tieline); and/or • Import energy via new transmission. 2020 IRP FINAL ASSUMPTIONS SET 72 Nova Scotia Power IRP Final Report...

AI summary The document discusses enabling transmission investment, outlining qualitative and quantitative benefits, including enhanced system reliability, renewable integration, and economic energy imports. It also provides cost estimates for new transmission projects, such as the 345kV Onslow-Salisbury-Coleson Cove and the HVDC to QC line.

s to integrate an additional 400 MW of inverter-based generation, represented by a wind as a proxy. • Interconnection Option : A second 345 kV AC tie between Onslow NS and Salisbury NB. • Local mitigation Option : A 200 MVA Synchronous Con...

AI summary The document discusses options for integrating renewable energy into the Nova Scotia Power grid, including the installation of synchronous condensers, switched capacitor banks, and a 345 kV AC tie. It also outlines the costs and technical requirements for these integration measures.

l revenue requirements 25 year NPV Revenue Requirement over the planning horizon (with and without end-effects adjustment) Average Annual Relative Rate Impact - 25-yr Magnitude and timing of electricity rate effects 10 year NPV Revenue Req...

AI summary The text outlines various criteria for evaluating electricity plans, including revenue requirements, reliability requirements, grid services, plan robustness, emissions reductions, and flexibility. These factors are analyzed over different planning horizons and involve quantitative and qualitative assessments.

72 3.1C M I D E L E C . / B A S E D S M / A C C E L . N E T Z E R O 2 0 4 5 / R E G I O N A L I N T E G R AT I O N Scenario Metrics & Evaluation 25-yr NPVRR ($MM) $13,576 General Notes • 1 coal to gas conversion in 2030 • Regional Intercon...

AI summary The document presents scenario metrics and evaluation data for two different Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) scenarios, focusing on Net Present Value of Resource Recovery (NPVRR), CO2 emissions, and grid reliability. Key elements include coal-to-gas conversion, regional interconnection, and solar energy deployment.

ion to maintain stable and secure operation of the system.  Ramping reserve and net load following capabilities  System strength and short circuit ratio  Volt-Ampere-Reactive support  Kinetic energy and synchronous inertia requirement...

AI summary The document discusses essential grid services such as ramping reserve, system strength, and volt-ampere-reactive support, emphasizing their role in ensuring stable and secure system operation. These services are represented as dynamic constraints in the model to integrate renewable resources. The text also references a letter from the Alternative Resource Energy Authority (AREA) commenting on Nova Scotia Power's IRP assumptions.

at onshore wind is the least- cost resource today (E3, NSPI Resource Options Study, p. 15). This includes the application of the full possible range of wind and solar integration strategies including: (1) ensuring system operations reflect...

AI summary The text discusses strategies for integrating wind and solar energy into the grid, emphasizing joint system operations between NS Power and NB Power, sub-hourly scheduling, demand response strategies, and improved forecasting. It highlights the importance of expanding market integration, particularly with ISO-NE, and utilizing demand response for energy storage.

February 5, 2020 Nova Scotia Power IRP Final Report Appendix H Page 140 of 321 February 14, 2020 RE: 2020 IRP Assumptions IPCC goals outline significant greenhouse gas targets for the globe. Given the context of rapid climatic change the f...

AI summary The submission highlights the need for the Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) to consider more aggressive carbon reduction scenarios, including net zero, and to incorporate grid resiliency and sharing of hydro resources in response to rapid climate change and regulatory goals.

Digby Submissions February 14, 2020 Page 2 of 62 Nova Scotia Power IRP Final Report Appendix H Page 143 of 321 The ability of the utility system to accommodate renewable energy technologies is very much driven by the degree of variability...

AI summary The text discusses the challenges of integrating renewable energy into the utility system due to variability and the need for reliability and voltage control. It highlights the potential of energy storage and smart grid technologies to address these issues, while noting the regulatory constraints and the need for future voltage regulation changes.

ilable at ScienceDirect Energy Conversion and Management journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/enconman Electric vehicle charging to support renewable energy integration in a capacity constrained electricity grid Nathaniel S. Pearre ⇑,...

AI summary This study explores how electric vehicle (EV) charging can support the integration of renewable energy in a grid with limited capacity. It examines the potential of EVs to act as a resource for balancing renewable energy supply and demand.

Article history: Digby, Nova Scotia, is a largely rural area with a wealth of renewable energy resources, principally wind Received 23 August 2015 and tidal. Digby’s electrical load is serviced by an aging 69 kV transmission line that ofte...

AI summary This study explores the potential of smart charging of electric vehicles in Digby, Nova Scotia, to increase export capacity on an aging transmission line and utilize renewable energy. With 10% EV adoption, time-of-day charging increased renewable energy usage by 20%, while smart charging increased it by 73% and added 3 MW of load during transmission constraints.

n plug in and charge. The significance of the driving patterns is tions and vehicle use. Specifically, to understand the energy made doubly important when one considers three possible effects requirements of vehicles, it is necessary to kn...

AI summary The text discusses the impact of electric vehicles (EVs) on the energy system, focusing on three charging strategies: convenience charging, time-of-day (TOD) charging, and smart charging. It highlights the importance of understanding vehicle usage patterns to estimate grid impacts and the potential for EVs to provide grid services when managed effectively.

• Self-consumption: charge batteries with excess solar energy during peak periods • Cyber secure platform: protect site and related data from external hacks www.schneider-electric.us/microgrid Digby Submissions February 14, 2020 Page 17 of...

AI summary The text discusses self-consumption strategies involving battery charging with excess solar energy during peak times and highlights a cyber-secure platform for protecting data. It also mentions a cloud-based software platform for monitoring and analyzing DER system operations, including data export and custom configurations.

developed based upon your specific requirements. Access and connectivity Compatible devices and web browsers • Use your PC, tablet, or smartphone to stay informed of site conditions and usage • Compatible with Chrome™, Firefox™, and Intern...

AI summary The text describes a system for monitoring and managing energy usage through a web-based platform, compatible with various devices and browsers. It highlights communication protocols and security measures for connecting to hardware and third-party systems, emphasizing real-time data access and cybersecurity.

stems for the Municipality of the District of Digby Sigma Energy Storage Inc. November 2018 - CONFIDENTIAL page 38 [59] The mean depth of the Gulf of Maine, Gulf Maine Area. (n.d.). http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/of98- 801/bathy/index.htm. [...

AI summary The text includes references to energy storage technologies, such as lithium-ion batteries and thermal energy storage, along with citations from various sources. It also mentions the development of a microgrid energy management system by Schneider Electric to balance short-term loads.

Nova Scotia Power IRP Final Report Appendix H Page 199 of 321 Development of the microgrid energy management system, to balance short-term loads Cloud services • Ancillary services Digital Schneider Electric’ Microgrid architecture: From t...

AI summary The text discusses the development of a microgrid energy management system, focusing on balancing short-term loads through cloud services, optimization, information services, and supervision with data management and communication components. It highlights the integration of engineering expertise and digital platforms.

Control And • User and local Interfaces Data Acquisition Engineering expertise Microgrid control • Energy Management Microgrid • Power Management controllers • Control algorithms Distributed Energy Resources Field communication • Multi-flu...

AI summary The text discusses microgrid control systems, including user interfaces, energy and power management, control algorithms, and distributed energy resources. It also mentions field communication involving multi-fluid energies, heat, gas, and electricity.

G x x x x x Protections & Metering 0 x x x x x Protections • Protections Power • Loads Meters Quality Flexible Sheddable Critical Basic Loads Confidential Property of Schneider Electric Page 13 Digby Submissions February 14, 2020 Page 59 o...

AI summary The text discusses protections and metering related to power loads and quality, including flexible, sheddable, critical, and basic loads. It references a submission by Digby in February 2020 and mentions the EcoStruxure Microgrid Advisor, a tool for managing distributed energy resources.

• Self-consumption: charge batteries with excess solar energy during peak periods • Cyber secure platform: protect site and related data from external hacks www.schneider-electric.us/microgrid Digby Submissions February 14, 2020 Page 60 of...

AI summary The text discusses the use of a cyber-secure platform for monitoring and managing distributed energy resources (DER) in real-time, including the ability to export data for analysis and develop custom configurations. It also mentions self-consumption strategies involving battery storage of excess solar energy during peak periods.

Nova Scotia Power IRP Final Report Appendix H Page 202 of 321 Development of the microgrid energy management system, to balance short-term loads Cloud services • Ancillary services Digital Schneider Electric’ Microgrid architecture: From t...

AI summary The text describes the development of a microgrid energy management system, focusing on balancing short-term loads through cloud services, optimization, information management, and supervision with user interfaces. It highlights the integration of engineering expertise and digital platforms.

Control And • User and local Interfaces Data Acquisition Engineering expertise Microgrid control • Energy Management Microgrid • Power Management controllers • Control algorithms Distributed Energy Resources Field communication • Multi-flu...

AI summary The text outlines key components of microgrid control systems, including user interfaces, energy and power management, control algorithms, and communication with field devices. It also references distributed energy resources and multi-fluid energy systems such as heat and gas.

of adoption. The possible pace of change can be seen in the evolution of the iPod into the iPhone into the more general smartphone and the explosion of applications over the course of just one decade. The needs of the market may change as...

AI summary The text discusses the rapid evolution of technology and its impact on energy markets, highlighting how changing consumer behavior and increasing grid stress due to variable weather conditions are shifting the focus toward resiliency, reliability, and distributed storage solutions. Traditional top-down planning approaches are being challenged by bottom-up consumer-driven energy choices.

ys to generate and manage energy at the local level - digitization, automation • A global drive to reduce GHG emissions • Local revenue generation and energy cost security and stability Communities have new energy solutions available to th...

AI summary The text discusses the impact of new energy solutions on communities and the challenges faced by energy service providers and system operators. It highlights changes in business models, customer relationships, and grid management due to advancements in local energy generation and distribution.

ave balance and reliability with new intermittent connected assets. Please see attached pdf included in the download and please note the following for some of the benefits of the Hydrostor technology:

AI summary The text discusses the integration of new intermittent connected assets and highlights the benefits of Hydrostor technology in maintaining balance and reliability in the power system.

............................................................................. 8 Nova Scotia Power IRP Final Report Appendix H Page 256 of 321 Executive Summary Hydrostor has undertaken extensive research, development, and prototyping, lead...

AI summary Hydrostor has developed Advanced Compressed Air Energy Storage (A-CAES), a bulk-scale energy storage solution. The technology stores energy by compressing air into underground caverns and later generating electricity by releasing the air to drive a turbine.

ated with different scenarios. For example, scenarios which rely on new/unproven technology, or very ambitious DSM achievements, may carry additional risk regarding implementation and risk of failure. Operational Constraints associated wit...

AI summary The text discusses the importance of modeling operational constraints in the Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) process, particularly for renewable integration. Key grid services such as ramping reserve, system strength, and reactive support are identified as essential to ensure system stability and security when integrating renewable resources.

there may be learnings that can be taken from it, care must be applied as the scenarios modelled in the Stability Study do not reflect “normal” system conditions and normal grid service requirements. We would appreciate further understandi...

AI summary The text discusses the importance of setting appropriate limits for Grid Services in the Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) model, emphasizing the need for caution in modeling scenarios that do not reflect normal grid conditions. It highlights opportunities for existing and new generation plants, as well as renewable sources, to contribute to grid services and the potential of demand-side contributions to short-term reserves.

es has also been very successful (e.g. demand side contribution to short-term operating reserves has been very successful. This can also offset or contribute to ramping requirements.). We would welcome further information on the assumption...

AI summary The text discusses the success of demand side management in contributing to short-term operating reserves and the importance of interconnector treatment in the IRP modelling. It requests further information on assumptions regarding grid service capabilities and interconnector flows, highlighting their impact on grid reliability and renewable energy integration.

ystem deliverable. operations (NS/NB); better integration w/ NE market; sub-hourly scheduling and dispatch; real-time forecasts to reflect best practices • Use DR strategies to facilitate wind/solar energy integration (incl. space/H20 heat...

AI summary The text discusses strategies for integrating renewable energy into the grid, including the use of demand response (DR) strategies, curtailment of surplus wind and solar generation, and flexible hydro imports. It also suggests reconsidering the inclusion of VAR support as a key operational parameter, with potential solutions like synchronous condensers.

Category Participant Assumption Comment NS Power Response 15. Natural Treatment of interconnectors critical. NS Power agrees that additional transmission Interconnection Forces Firm imports could support transition to lower GHG interconnec...

AI summary The text discusses concerns regarding interconnection and transmission and distribution (T&D) systems, including the impact of interconnectors on renewable energy integration and the limitations of the Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) in considering substation-level capacity. NS Power acknowledges the importance of interconnections and has included additional assumptions to support renewable integration.

1.4 Analysis Plan E1 – Feb 14 2020 Eliminate plans at reliability/operability screening if NS Power agrees that plans which do not Evaluation Criteria they do not meet requirements for essential grid meet the standards of the Resource and...

AI summary The document outlines evaluation criteria for grid services and resource portfolios, including the consideration of integration costs and reliability/operability screening. NS Power agrees to evaluate wind integration costs based on the PSC Stability Study and will not consider plans that fail to meet grid service standards.

would not appear to be held in reserve as is Wreck Cove. We also understand their capacity and energy output to be limited in low-water years. Why would these units merit a 95% ELCC value? John D. Wilson and Paul Chernick • Resource Insigh...

AI summary The document provides a technical review of Nova Scotia Power's Integrated Resource Plan, focusing on grid reliability and stability, and comments on the PSC Renewable Integration report. It highlights concerns about the modeling of grid services and the representation of renewable energy integration.

r synchronous condensers per 1 MW of wind diverges significantly from current industry practices on evaluating and mitigating grid strength. Identification and Explanation of Findings Case Selection & Clarity Case 1: The contingency event...

AI summary The document discusses the evaluation of grid strength in the context of synchronous condensers and wind power, highlighting discrepancies in industry practices. It identifies a case involving the simultaneous loss of two AC ties (N-2), which deviates from standard N-1 planning criteria. A remedial action scheme is noted to prevent the loss of both AC links, but the contingency event requires clarification and consistency across simulations.

oss of a single tie to New Brunswick...” The contingency event involving the AC lines to New Brunswick should be clarified, assessed for validity, and held consistent across all cases and simulations. Case 1: At the time of event, the powe...

AI summary The document discusses a contingency event involving the loss of AC connections to New Brunswick and the impact on grid stability. It highlights the importance of understanding the initial power flow conditions, the behavior of the HVDC link, and the absence of the Wreck Cove Hydro unit, which could have increased system inertia and stability.

y used to mitigate load shedding and grid-strength concerns simultaneously as it is function similar, but larger than the combined proposed mitigation of 200 MVA synchronous condenser and 200 MW BESS.

AI summary The text discusses a proposed mitigation strategy involving a synchronous condenser and a battery energy storage system (BESS) to address load shedding and grid-strength concerns, with the combined capacity being larger than the proposed 200 MVA synchronous condenser and 200 MW BESS.

Alternative Mitigations Not Considered: Many alternative mitigations were not considered beyond the use of a synchronous condenser and BESS: ● Utilization of the Maritime HVDC Link for short-term contingency support HVDC systems are except...

AI summary The text discusses alternative mitigations not considered beyond the use of a synchronous condenser and BESS, including the use of the Maritime HVDC Link, synthetic inertia from wind power plants, curtailment from wind power plants for FFR, and under-frequency FFR from curtailed wind power plants.

have a substantial impact on the stability of the power system. Its status and utilization in the study work should be made explicit because of its potential importance to the system. Short-Circuit Strength Short-circuit strength was only...

AI summary The text discusses the importance of short-circuit strength and power quality in grid stability, noting that short-circuit strength was only discussed qualitatively and that NSP's use of a ratio method for synchronous condensers is not industry-accepted. It also mentions that power quality is typically an application-specific issue, not a systemic one.

7 Nova Scotia Power IRP Final Report Appendix J Page 128 of 245 Nova Scotia IRP Review References 1. EirGrid DS3 System Services Protocol – Regulated Arrangements, May 2019 http://www.eirgridgroup.com/site-files/library/EirGrid/DS3-System-...

AI summary The document provides references and appendices related to Nova Scotia Power's Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) review, including modeling requirements for grid services and renewable integration. It cites various technical documents and studies from organizations such as EirGrid, HydroQuebec, and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL).

ough there are no firm import arrangements (interconnector flows follow the market). This approach significantly reduces the generation installed capacity requirement in each system, and in aggregate. Emulated or Synthetic inertia The poin...

AI summary The document discusses the lack of firm import arrangements and the impact of HVDC interconnectors and RES on providing synthetic inertia. It highlights the potential future significance of developments in this area. The SBA participated in an IRP stakeholder meeting and provided comments on modeling results.

les of gearbox-based turbines being able to provide more physical inertia as well. Future requests for renewable energy could provide an adder for turbines that can provide this service going forward. Since all Lithium Ion Battery systems...

AI summary The document discusses the potential of synthetic inertia from renewable energy sources, particularly lithium-ion battery systems and inverter-based technologies, to stabilize power grids. It references studies and projects like PG&E's EPIC 2.05 and NERC's white paper, which highlight the benefits of these technologies in low-inertia environments.

alternatives with similar attributes (e.g. RECIP vs duration market. CT, battery vs other storage option, etc.). CAES can act as a non-wires alternative to traditional transmission for improving reliability or as a solution for integrating...

AI summary The text discusses the potential of CAES (Compressed Air Energy Storage) and A-CAES (Advanced Compressed Air Energy Storage) as non-wires alternatives and solutions for integrating wind resources into the grid. It highlights the flexibility and benefits of A-CAES, such as providing inertia and synchronous generation, and being flexibly sited where needed.

nd are fossil fuel generator over batteries contributing to certain modeled ancillary services. 3. Did the inertia constraint impact the decision process of Batteries contribute to all types of reserve the Diesel CT Screening? including re...

AI summary The text discusses the impact of inertia constraints on the Diesel CT Screening and evaluates the potential of wind turbines, demand control, and batteries to contribute to ancillary services. It also notes that transient system stability studies, which assess FFR, are outside the scope of long-term planning studies.

NS Power Response The draft Roadmap item included in the draft Report provides: 2. Complete detailed system stability studies under various current and future system conditions, reflective of both stressed system states and normal operatin...

AI summary NS Power's response outlines the need for detailed system stability studies under various system conditions, considering increased wind capacity and the impact of inverter-based generators on grid services like Synchronized Inertia and Fast Frequency Response.

al revenue requirements 25 year NPV Revenue Requirement over the planning horizon (with and without end-effects adjustment) Average Annual Partial Rate Impact - 25-yr Magnitude and timing of electricity rate effects 10 year NPV Revenue Req...

AI summary The text outlines key evaluation criteria for assessing electricity plans, including revenue requirements, reliability, grid services, plan robustness, emissions reduction, and flexibility. It emphasizes quantitative and qualitative assessments of various aspects such as supply adequacy, essential grid services, and sensitivity to changes in assumptions.

otia Power IRP Final Report Appendix K Page 123 of 264 2.1A MID ELEC. / BASE DSM / NET ZERO 2050 / CURRENT LANDSCAPE Scenario Metrics & Evaluation 25-yr NPVRR ($MM) $13,353 General Notes • Reliability Tie built in 2031 enables wind integra...

AI summary The text discusses the Nova Scotia Power Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) Final Report, focusing on scenario metrics and evaluation related to the 25-yr and 10-yr Net Present Value of Resource Requirements (NPVRR), reliability, resource adequacy, CO2 emissions, and grid services. Key factors include the impact of wind integration, gas capacity, and coal unit conversions.

The exogenous calculation of end effects only includes costs of the 2045 portfolio. Thus, if there are no operating battery resources in this year, end effects would not assume any future costs for battery resources. Transmission CA Result...

AI summary The text discusses how the timing of the reliability intertie is influenced by factors like inertia levels and battery prices. It notes that reducing inertia or battery costs can advance the build of the reliability tie, while increasing inertia needs may delay it. NS Power highlights that batteries do not provide synchronous inertia in the IRP modeling assumptions.

Category Participant Comment NSP Response / Consideration for Final Report Wind sensitivity CA We see extraordinary sensitivity to relatively modest drivers. For example, lowering the From a reliability perspective, NS Power has modeled th...

AI summary The comment highlights the sensitivity of wind integration to factors like battery costs and the impact of the reliability tie on system inertia. NS Power explains that the model considers reliability through the reliability tie and PRM, and that steam unit constraints influence the transition to a more adaptive resource mix.

providing. By focusing on just this ancillary service NSPI failed to consider the range of service. Batteries contribute to all types of reserve including regulation (raising and lowering), spinning ancillary services that are critical to...

AI summary The text discusses the importance of ancillary services, particularly frequency response and ramp down services, in enabling the integration of wind generation in Nova Scotia. It highlights the limitations of the PLEXOS framework in assessing transient system stability and FFR, which are critical for grid reliability.

services that allow NSPI to dispatch off thermal generating units and rely on the fast absence is not expected to have an impact on coal retirement decisions. However, if FFR services are frequency response capability that wind generators...

AI summary The text discusses the potential of wind, solar, and battery resources to provide ancillary services such as fast frequency response (FFR), which can enhance system reliability and reduce costs. NS Power is committed to further studies on system stability and the integration of these resources into the grid.

operate at a reduced capacity to provide headroom to offer ancillary services (e.g., the provision of primary frequency response) under some operating conditions. Wind/inertia/FFR CanREA Sensitivities (2.1C.WIND-3 (LOW INERTIA CONSTRAINT))...

AI summary The text discusses the impact of wind energy integration on system inertia and the need for further studies to understand the implications of increased wind penetration. It also highlights the importance of regional integration and stakeholder input in updating studies and modeling assumptions.

alyses. System Inertia SBA / The draft Finding #2 acknowledges this, noting that “Further work is required to assess NS Power has identified future work related to wind stability studies at higher penetrations in the Daymark system stabili...

AI summary The document discusses NS Power's ongoing work to assess system stability and inertia constraints related to higher wind energy penetration in Nova Scotia. It references studies and sensitivity analyses conducted to evaluate the impact of wind integration on system reliability and the Reliability Tie.

The modeling of the inertia requirement has supported certain resource decisions, in NS Power has not expressly modeled a FFR requirement, which is a service that is separate from particular the addition of the Reliability Tie which is ass...

AI summary The document discusses the modeling of inertia requirements in the NSP system, noting that the Reliability Tie provides all necessary inertia. It also mentions that NSP has not evaluated wind projects' potential to provide fast frequency response (FFR), despite understanding that wind resources can offer various levels of FFR services. The document recommends that NSP include a plan for additional analyses in the Integrated Resource Plan (IRP).

rbon economy may drive demand higher than forecast. This outcome would raise new questions on where the resources to meet such demands (in excess of demand forecasts from all scenarios) may come from. We would note that while onshore wind...

AI summary The text discusses the potential for increased demand in a low-carbon economy and the need to consider alternative energy sources such as offshore wind and DERs. It highlights the importance of updating assumptions in the Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) and the need for innovation in utility processes to fully realize the benefits of DERs. The text also acknowledges the success of the current IRP in advancing a lower carbon future.

P a g e 8 45 Nova Scotia Power IRP Final Report Appendix L Page 89 of 125 Category Participant Comment NS Power Response wind and the constraints associated with integrating synchronous generators. New wind generation is additional volumes...

AI summary The document discusses the integration of wind energy and the challenges associated with it, including the need for synchronous generators and the use of dispatchable generators for ancillary grid services. NS Power uses the PLEXOS optimizer to make resource addition/retirement decisions, informed by market pricing and IRP scenarios.

d resources to provide of both stressed system states and normal operating frequency response services and by so doing to reduce conditions, while considering higher quantities of P a g e 10 45 Nova Scotia Power IRP Final Report Appendix L...

AI summary The document discusses Nova Scotia Power's (NS Power) response to comments from the Canadian Renewable Energy Association (CanREA) regarding the ability of wind to provide regulation services and reduce inertia constraints. NS Power made a modest change in its modeling of wind, recognizing its capacity to provide regulation down services.

relevant work and sources of industry best practice. 2. Enables better grid management; and 3. Reduces negative environmental impacts.

AI summary The text highlights the benefits of relevant work and industry best practices, including improved grid management and reduced negative environmental impacts.

FINDING STAKEHOLDER STAKEHOLDER COMMENT REFERENCE ratepayers, and draft findings statement 2 echo the same. At the same time, the Reliability Tie is a welcome move, which would strengthen the province’s grid further. However, it is not sho...

AI summary The stakeholder comments highlight the importance of the Reliability Tie in strengthening the province’s grid and transitioning off coal. They also mention the need for fully replacing coal generation with interconnection infrastructure and clean firm imports, emphasizing the role of wind energy and the potential of regional interconnection projects like the Atlantic Loop.

the quantity, flexibility and hourly load shape of also provide opportunities and should be involved incremental electrification demand, to assist with early in the development of electrification programs. further system planning work. Non...

AI summary The text discusses the need to address the impacts of electrification on the transmission and distribution system, emphasizing the importance of analyzing T&D capacity and mitigation options. It also suggests that pilot programs should be limited in scale and that NS Power should include cost estimates in its Final IRP Report.

r’s Smart Grid Project, NS Power’s Time Varying Pricing application, the DR Joint Working Group between NS Power and Efficiency One, the ELIADC tariff, and the Large Industrial Interruptible Rider. Page 39 of 43 Nova Scotia Power IRP Final...

AI summary The text references several initiatives and programs related to energy efficiency, grid modernization, and regulatory proceedings, including NS Power's Smart Grid Project, Time Varying Pricing application, and the ELIADC tariff. It also mentions a DR Joint Working Group and the Large Industrial Interruptible Rider, along with a summary of stakeholder comments on an action plan and roadmap.

ROADMAP ITEM STAKEHOLDE STAKEHOLDER COMMENT REFERENCE R 1. Advance engineering study work on coal-to-gas Heritage Gas Supports and suggests a timeline and stakeholder 2020-11-16; p. 4/5 conversions at Trenton and Point Tupper Generating en...

AI summary The document outlines key actions related to energy infrastructure, including advancing coal-to-gas conversions, conducting system stability studies for wind integration, and pursuing reinvestment in hydro and combustion facilities. Stakeholders provide input on timelines, cost assumptions, and grid service impacts.

ty to further increase wind As the IRP progressed, these integration criteria penetration through transmission grid reinforcement. This were substantially amended and tested by: should also recognize that the introduction of bulk scale • A...

AI summary The text discusses the integration of wind energy into the transmission grid through reinforcement and the potential use of bulk-scale battery storage to enhance stability and voltage support. It also outlines amendments to integration criteria, including higher wind integration levels and ancillary grid services by wind generators.

integration allowed, which is premised in part on the status of the Reliability Tie and other assets that may be deployed to ensure reliable operation.23 The potential for capturing any economies of scale that may exist, if developers were...

AI summary The text discusses the importance of integrating a large amount of wind power into the grid, emphasizing the need to consider the status of the Reliability Tie and other assets. It highlights that targeting only small levels of new wind installations could miss economic opportunities and prevent the capture of economies of scale.

k pricing rates after deployment of automatic metering infrastructure (AMI) and commencement of any time-of- use or critical peak pricing rates pursuant to NSPI’s Time Varying Pricing Application. Synapse Energy Economics, Inc. Analysis of...

AI summary The text discusses the impact of deploying automatic metering infrastructure (AMI) and implementing time-of-use and critical peak pricing rates on peak load management and electrification. It emphasizes the opportunity to mitigate peak load increases from heating electrification and the need for NSPI to focus on programs that minimize peak load addition while maximizing off-peak consumption.

pre-IRP PSC Renewable Integration Study but recognizes that additional detailed studies continue to be required to support new renewable resource installation. This Roadmap item should focus first on the practical effects of system operati...

AI summary The text discusses the need for additional studies on the integration of renewable resources into NSPI’s system, particularly wind power up to 631 MW by 2025. It emphasizes the importance of analyzing operational limitations, system stability, and the potential need for alternative resources like synchronous condensing, depending on the timeline for completing the Reliability Tie.

and if so, what purpose and at what cost /benefit? Furthermore, depreciation rates need to be reevaluated as a next step as it may financially incentivize the earlier retirement for coal 7 . IRP Roadmap and Next-Steps (Wind Procurement and...

AI summary The text highlights the need to reevaluate depreciation rates to avoid incentivizing early coal retirement, expedite wind procurement with storage strategies, address regulatory barriers for IPPs through PPA/VNM options, and explore Hydro Quebec imports. Social equity and community ownership are emphasized in renewable programs.

System studies for wind integration Roadmap (2) [Bates White suggested common-sense action items, including those suggested / endorsed by other participants, including the following:] …complete the system stability studies contemplated in...

AI summary Bates White recommends completing system stability studies for wind integration on the Nova Scotia grid, particularly in light of the Reliability Tie project. NS Power agrees and plans to begin these studies in 2021, with milestone dates to be determined based on study scope and resource availability.

llowed by comments submitted on January 20, 2021 by the Consumer Advocate's consultant Resource Insight Inc, Small Business Advocate, Heritage Gas, Counsel for Port Hawkesbury Paper LP, EfficiencyOne, and Sierra Club Canada Foundation. NS...

AI summary The 2020 Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) process faced increased complexity due to grid modernization, renewable energy integration, and decarbonization efforts. Stakeholder engagement was extensive and collaborative, with the Board and consultants acknowledging the process's transparency and the value of stakeholder input in shaping NS Power's resource planning.

to further increase wind penetration through transmission grid reinforcement. This should also recognize that the introduction of bulk scale battery storage as a possible capacity resource that can provide co-benefits associated with stabi...

AI summary The document outlines recommendations for enhancing wind energy integration through grid reinforcement and battery storage, inter-provincial coordination for reliability, coal retirement planning, and gas price monitoring. It emphasizes economic retirement analysis for thermal units and prioritizing coal alternatives post-Lingan 2.

August 10, 2020 VIA E-MAIL Ms. Crystal Henwood Regulatory Affairs Officer/Clerk Nova Scotia Utility and Review Board 1601 Lower Water Street, 3rd Floor Halifax, Nova Scotia B3J 3S3 Dear Ms. Henwood: Re: P-884 – Nova Scotia Power Inc. (NSPI...

AI summary NSPI requested an extension to file its final report, with stakeholder comment periods approved. Halifax's HalifACT 2050 climate plan emphasizes electrification (EVs, heat pumps, solar) and grid modernization, requiring collaboration with NSPI to meet 2050 decarbonization targets.