N-3NSPI (NSUARB) RIR-1 - RIR-18
61 passages
1 (b) With respect to SIS Group 32, EMT analyses are designed to examine the following issues, 2 leading to corresponding findings: 3 4 • Inertia Requirements: 5 6 Inertia requirements have been specified to enable very high penetrations o...
AI summary The text outlines EMT analyses for SIS Group 32, addressing inertia requirements for high wind penetration, grid integration studies requiring updated PSCAD models, and facility validation against grid code. It highlights the need for multiple model iterations and collaboration with project teams.
Transmission System Interconnection Requirements (TSIR). There has been good 29 cooperation with all project teams and their vendors to get the models working and 30 meeting grid code and we will be looking to ensure that all models accura...
AI summary NSPI emphasizes cooperation with project teams to ensure models meet grid code, benchmark PSCAD models against commissioning results, and enforce compliance with TSIR. Deficiencies require remediation, including reactive power and inertia support equipment.
1 Request IR-13: 2 3 Reference the following statement on page 61: 4 5 IBRs can be used to support a grid Short Circuit Levels but additional 6 equipment (synchronous condensers, Static Var Compensator (SVC)s or other 7 fast acting reactiv...
AI summary The document discusses the impact of Inverter Based Resources (IBRs) on grid short circuit levels and the need for additional equipment to maintain voltage stability. It references ongoing studies and the potential for refining transmission system interconnection requirements to better support wind energy integration in Nova Scotia.
2024 10-Year System Outlook Report (NSUARB M11764) NSPI Responses to NSUARB Information Requests NON-CONFIDENTIAL 1 As posted on NS Open Access Same-time Information System (OASIS), TSIR Section 7.6.7 2 requirement to provide 3 MWs per ins...
AI summary NSPI is responding to NSUARB information requests regarding the 2024 10-Year System Outlook Report. The response discusses updates to inertia requirements for interconnection projects, particularly for facilities in weak grid areas or near existing IBR facilities. Large-scale system studies are ongoing to determine the scope and procurement process for inertial response facilities needed to support high integration of wind and IBR.
significant technical challenges that can be identified through careful planning and detailed studies, and mitigation measures implemented to ensure safe and reliable operation of the electric system. The system studies scope to understand...
AI summary The document outlines technical challenges in integrating 80% renewables into Nova Scotia's grid, emphasizing the need for EMT studies and mitigation measures. Key findings indicate that NSPI can incorporate renewables but will require grid support as legacy plants are phased out. Concerns are raised about the system's ability to handle high RoCoF events, potentially leading to cascade tripping.
lead to cascade tripping for loss of the NS/NB tieline under high import conditions. It should be noted that when NSPI stays connected to the Eastern interconnection the RoCoF will be low. • Survey NSPI existing legacy generation plants an...
AI summary The text discusses concerns related to frequency control and system strength, particularly focusing on the risk of cascade tripping under high import conditions. It highlights the need to assess NSPI's legacy generation plants and DER for RoCoF ride through capabilities, and recommends updates to interconnection requirements and grid code compliance.
t the current grid code to avoid unnecessary operating restrictions. The performance of many of these facilities in a high IBR grid is well below that expected of newly connected facilities. • Perform incremental studies for each wave of l...
AI summary The text discusses the need for updated grid studies and resource planning to accommodate high IBR (Inverter Based Resources) penetration in the NSPI grid. It highlights the limitations of current planning metrics and recommends a sliding scale for inertia and system load, as well as the continued need for inertia in long-term planning.
2024 10-Year System Outlook Report NSUARB IR-15 Attachment 1 Page 5 of 60 Frequency Control and System Strength Assessment • Document and publish updated model requirements for Load and Generation customers. o It is recommended that NSPI p...
AI summary The 2024 10-Year System Outlook Report recommends NSPI update model requirements for load and generation customers, conduct system studies for western Nova Scotia, maintain SCMVA levels, and develop methodologies to estimate system strength and inertia as IBR resources are added to the grid. These actions aim to ensure grid stability and reliability.
Review and update all operating guidelines, as required, for the NSPSO in advance of next round of Transmission connected IBR (WEC, BESS, HDVC etc.) wind integration. EMT study will be required. As noted in the introduction, the study scop...
AI summary The document outlines the need to review and update operating guidelines for the NSPSO in preparation for the next round of transmission-connected IBR integration, including EMT studies. It also addresses black start restoration planning for the 2030 grid and mentions the need for frequency control and system strength assessments.
generator shafts. • Wider area undamped voltage and power oscillations. • Mal-operation or failure of protection equipment to operate. • Prolonged voltage recovery after a disturbance. • Larger voltage step changes after switching capacito...
AI summary The text discusses the potential impacts of weak grid conditions on the operation of inverter-based resources (IBR), including voltage instability, harmonic distortion, and challenges in maintaining frequency and voltage control. It emphasizes the need for a strong grid at the point of interconnection (POI) for stable IBR operation.
Frequency Control and System Strength Assessment changes in voltage conditions at the POI are harder to follow and that could lead to unacceptable dynamic response of IBR. For IBR interconnection, the Short Circuit Ratio (SCR), the ratio o...
AI summary The document discusses the challenges of integrating Inverter-Based Resources (IBR) into the grid, particularly focusing on voltage stability and system strength. It highlights the importance of the Short Circuit Ratio (SCR) as an indicator of system stability and the risks of using multiple IBR units in weak areas, which can lead to control interaction and oscillations. Additional equipment may be required to manage voltage and system strength.
• IBRs are designed to operate to at minimum SCR. If the SCR is below the IBR design level, it may trip of during a system disturbance or lead to undesirable oscillatory modes. • To clear a system fault, protections relays operate to disco...
AI summary The text discusses challenges related to grid stability and frequency control, including the impact of Inverter-Based Resources (IBRs) on system strength, protection relay operations, and voltage management on the Nova Scotia Power Inc. (NSPI) grid. It highlights potential issues such as oscillations, instability, and voltage recovery difficulties.
4 2024 10-Year System Outlook Report NSUARB IR-15 Attachment 1 Page 14 of 60 Frequency Control and System Strength Assessment The design of PE interfaced devices under low inertia and low SCR is technically challenging. To overcome these t...
AI summary The document discusses technical challenges related to frequency control and system strength in power systems with low inertia and low short circuit ratio (SCR). It highlights concerns such as reduced system stability, voltage control, fault ride-through capabilities, and control interactions, based on expert analysis and literature review.
es in close proximity, leading to unstable or poorly damped oscillations. • Impact from torsional oscillations, sub synchronous Interactions (SSTI), on thermal generator shafts. There has been much study and industry discussion on how to m...
AI summary The document discusses challenges related to frequency control and system strength in power systems with high penetration of renewables and power electronics. It highlights the need for careful planning and specialized studies, such as electromagnetic transient simulations, to address low short circuit ratios (SCR) and sub-synchronous interactions (SSTI) caused by the phasing out of thermal plants and the integration of renewable energy sources.
1.2.2 System Strength • Perform a screening level assessment to benchmark 2023 SCMVA levels at 69, 138 and 230 KV buses. • Document minimum SCMVA at load sensitive locations. • Document minimum SCR at all Wind Plants, SVC and HVDC location...
AI summary The document outlines a system strength assessment for the 2024 10-Year System Outlook Report, focusing on identifying potential issues related to system strength, fault levels, and control interactions, and recommending measures such as synchronous condensers and BESS to maintain grid stability by 2030.
ed oscillations due to interaction with other plants near by. • Inability to operate to Grid Code requirements (fast power recovery following faults). • Difficult to control bus voltage. Accordingly, points of interconnection with an SCR l...
AI summary The text discusses technical challenges related to grid connection and system stability, particularly when integrating inverter-based resources (IBR) into the power system. It highlights issues such as system oscillations, inability to meet Grid Code requirements, and voltage control difficulties. It also emphasizes the importance of short circuit ratio (SCR) and system inertia in maintaining stability and fault ride-through performance.
lanning perspective with large scale penetration of IBR based generation, two technical items are to be considered. 1. Lower fault current levels impact on existing protection system performance: To address this concern, modern grid codes...
AI summary The text discusses two technical considerations related to the integration of Inverter-Based Resources (IBR) into the grid. First, it addresses how lower fault current levels from IBR may impact protection system performance and the need for reactive current injection during low voltage conditions. Second, it highlights the importance of maintaining sufficient Short Circuit Ratio (SCR) levels at IBR connection points to ensure system stability.
ts and ultimately, the stability of the overall system. High SCR is an indication of the presence of synchronous machines in the local area and/or a strong, meshed transmission system. SCR, including Effective SCR and Weighted SCR, has bee...
AI summary The document discusses the importance of Short Circuit Ratio (SCR) in assessing grid stability and system strength when integrating new inverter-based resources (IBR) into the grid. MHI recommends conducting full grid studies and annual assessments to ensure frequency control and system strength requirements are met as renewable penetration increases.
ies compensated transmission lines in the local area. • Specific technology (vendor specific) and specific protection and control settings of the PE inverters and other plant equipment. • The MW rating or the MW output of the PE based plan...
AI summary The document discusses the impact of inverter-based plants on system strength and frequency control, emphasizing the importance of considering reactive power capacity and dynamic response under weak grid conditions. It highlights the need for detailed studies and the relationship between inertia constraints and system strength analysis.
culations are performed considering specific IBR connection location while the inertia requirements are estimated more at a system level. For System Strength Analysis, the following criteria is used: • Maintain SCR of at least 3 at existin...
AI summary The document discusses system strength analysis and frequency control criteria, focusing on maintaining system stability with IBR connections, SCR requirements, and assessing impacts of retiring units and new interconnections on system strength and power quality.
ew transmission load and generation connections, full study in PSS®E and PSCADTM is undertaken to identify any SCL conditions that may cause tripping or control interactions. 2.3 Iterative Assessment The initial assessment and metrics used...
AI summary The document discusses the iterative assessment of transmission load and generation connections, highlighting concerns about low SCMVA levels in certain areas of Nova Scotia, particularly when small hydro units are offline. This can lead to control interactions and reduced reliability, with recommendations to maintain or improve grid conditions.
ould cause a drop in reliability for customers. MHI recommends maintaining, and where possible improving the grid conditions to enable generation and customer load to ride-through system disturbances. As an example, with results of the fir...
AI summary The text discusses the impact of replacing traditional generation with IBR on grid reliability, highlighting the need for grid improvements to maintain system stability. It notes that while IBR can provide frequency support, System Strength support is still under development and not commercially viable in many cases.
Simulation cases for the first stage studies focused on light load and peak winter load as most definitive in determining grid requirements for frequency control. Dozens of cases were run and those failing basic criteria in load flow were...
AI summary The text discusses simulation cases for grid frequency control studies, focusing on light load and peak winter load scenarios. Ten cases were selected after eliminating those failing basic load flow criteria, with details on thermal units and dispatch notes provided in Table 1.
ro resources are offline. Variations of FFR and inertia were simulated with the goal of taking inertia as low as possible while providing for well damped and stable frequency response. • The cases for winter peak are more complex. Small hy...
AI summary The document discusses simulations of frequency response and inertia variations, the complexity of winter peak cases requiring small hydro and thermal resources for stability, and the potential use of wind and BESS to reduce reliance on thermal units. Load flow and dynamic assessments were conducted for the loss of the NB tieline with high NS imports.
he load, while reducing the thermal units, new wind and BESS was added to the simulation cases. Load Flow and Dynamic assessment was performed for the loss of NB tieline with high NS imports. Case 5, with a low amount of inertia online, di...
AI summary The analysis discusses system reliability under varying thermal unit configurations and the impact of renewable energy and battery storage. Winter peak load cases showed voltage issues as thermal units decreased, and RoCoF exceeded 4 Hz/s in some scenarios. The Maritime Link with FFR can reduce inertia requirements, and future grid planning considers FFR from IBRs to support frequency control.
18 2024 10-Year System Outlook Report NSUARB IR-15 Attachment 1 Page 28 of 60 Frequency Control and System Strength Assessment Until further research or study dictates otherwise, sufficient inertia and FFR to maintain a RoCoF of under 2.5...
AI summary The document discusses frequency control and system strength in Nova Scotia's power grid, referencing the need for further study on RoCoF metrics and the capabilities of existing and new generation sources to maintain stable frequency during contingencies.
R grid support would be needed to reduce the RoCoF. For new generation connections, the NSPI Transmission System Interconnection Requirements [13] require facilities to ride-though a RoCoF of 4 Hz/s. With the study condition to maintain Ro...
AI summary The document discusses the need for grid support to reduce the Rate of Change of Frequency (RoCoF) under various load conditions. Simulations were run with different inertia and Frequency Response Reserve (FFR) configurations to assess their impact on RoCoF, showing that in most cases, the RoCoF exceeded the desired threshold of 2.5 Hz/s.
load cases, a small reactor was added in the Sydney area to bring post-contingency voltage to the range required. This proved adequate to maintain post contingency voltage for many scenarios. Load growth will usually increase the need for...
AI summary The document discusses the addition of a small reactor in the Sydney area to maintain post-contingency voltage and the potential need for static and dynamic reactive power support as load growth increases. It also examines SCMVA for sensitive buses and the role of synchronous condensers in providing grid support, particularly in the context of a second 345kV tieline to New Brunswick.
2024 10-Year System Outlook Report NSUARB IR-15 Attachment 1 Page 32 of 60 Frequency Control and System Strength Assessment 4.4.3 SCR as a Screening Index SCR can be considered as a screening level index for a potential POI for IBR. Howeve...
AI summary The document discusses the use of Short Circuit Ratio (SCR) as a screening index for Inverter-Based Resources (IBR) at a Potential Connection Point (POI). It highlights that using SCR alone can lead to misleading conclusions about system strength and hosting capacity, especially when multiple IBRs are connected at the same POI.
IBRs would increase the more grid following IBRs are added to the system. As for calculation B, although not as optimistic as calculation A, it still overestimates the hosting capacity of the system. The hosting capacity of the system will...
AI summary The text discusses the impact of increasing grid-following inverter-based resources (IBRs) on system hosting capacity and the limitations of using SCR (Short Circuit Ratio) as a screening method. As IBR penetration increases, the SCR method becomes less accurate, requiring dedicated EMT studies for accurate assessments.
oncepts and technology such as grid-forming inverters, virtual synchronous machines, synthetic inertial response must be evaluated on a case-by-case basis as part of the EMT study work. 4.4.4 IBR SCR As noted in Section 4.4.3, SCR has limi...
AI summary The document discusses the evaluation of grid-forming technologies and the importance of Short Circuit Ratio (SCR) in assessing the impact of Inverter-Based Resources (IBR) on the grid. It highlights the need for case-by-case analysis and system studies to determine grid support requirements as the energy mix evolves.
le maximum wind study, with and without a second 345kv tie to New Brunswick, is ongoing and will provide direction on the quantity and location of grid support mechanisms. 4.4.5 Stability Requirement When sufficient inertia, FFR and reacti...
AI summary The document outlines ongoing studies regarding grid stability and frequency control, including the development of an EMT model in PSCADTM by NSPI with MHI. These studies assess the need for grid support mechanisms and analyze stability requirements based on inertia, FFR, and reactive support criteria.
rios (load dispatch conditions, generation online, etc.) are implemented in the PSS®E case and the corresponding network conditions transferred to the PSCADTM cases using python based scripts. The general EMT study procedure is quite simil...
AI summary The text discusses the use of PSS®E and PSCADTM for simulating electromagnetic transients (EMT) and RMS dynamic simulations in power systems. It outlines the procedure for identifying critical contingencies based on screening studies and highlights illustrative results showing voltage waveforms and unstable oscillations at points of interconnection (POI) involving inverter-based resources (IBR).
illations The PSCAD simulation, in Figure 2 showing unstable oscillations at a connection point of two IBR plants shown in Figure 3 Figure 3: Example System to Illustrate Unstable Interactions 26 2024 10-Year System Outlook Report NSUARB I...
AI summary The document discusses challenges with PSCADTM and PSS®E models used for simulating power systems, particularly for IBR plants. Accurate models are essential for planning stable and secure operations, but obtaining working models has proven difficult, both for new interconnection customers and existing NSPI facilities.
27 2024 10-Year System Outlook Report NSUARB IR-15 Attachment 1 Page 37 of 60 Frequency Control and System Strength Assessment requirements and model quality checks to ensure models not only perform well in simulation but are an accurate r...
AI summary The document discusses the need for detailed PSCADTM simulations to address stability, fault ride-through, and RoCoF concerns when integrating power electronic-based equipment. It emphasizes the importance of EMT simulations over RMS platforms to uncover design issues and avoid project delays.
2024 10-Year System Outlook Report NSUARB IR-15 Attachment 1 Page 38 of 60 Frequency Control and System Strength Assessment 5.4 Potential IBR Connection Issues The EMT analysis will review technical interconnection issues associated with l...
AI summary The document discusses potential issues related to the interconnection of Inverter-Based Resources (IBR) under weak grid conditions, particularly focusing on Fault Ride-Through (FRT) requirements. It highlights challenges such as limitations in Phase Locked Loop response and sensitivity of weak grids to voltage changes, which can affect the performance of PE inverter-based plants.
ak grid conditions. • Tripping of the plant will reduce voltage control capacity in the weak local area (where synchronous machines that can provide support are already limited or nonexistent). • Tripping of the plant will reduce power tra...
AI summary The text discusses the potential impacts of tripping power plants on voltage control and system stability, as well as the risks of control interactions (CI) from dynamic devices such as windfarms and HVDC systems. These issues are particularly significant in weak grid areas and can lead to instability if not properly managed.
acting exciters and PSS. • Interactions between windfarms. • Interactions between HVDC ties (Ex: Nemo & Nautilus in Europe) and windfarms. • Interaction with the rest of the AC power system. ERCOT has dealt with sub synchronous interaction...
AI summary The text discusses challenges in frequency control and system strength assessment, including sub-synchronous resonance (SSR) and synthetic inertia resource (SIR) interactions. It highlights difficulties in detecting SSR/SSCI events, the need for detailed EMT simulations, and the complexity of controller tuning. Mitigation strategies are vendor-specific and require collaboration.
ges are harder to design, and if not done judiciously, may impact robustness under normal operation. • Mitigation is vendor specific, and their participation is required in most situations. The Maritime Link HVDC, with newer VSC technology...
AI summary The document discusses challenges related to the integration of Inverter-Based Resources (IBRs) and Power Electronics (PE) into the grid, particularly concerning Sub-Synchronous Control Interactions (SSCI) and Sub-Synchronous Torsional Interactions. These interactions can lead to instability and require detailed studies to ensure compatibility with existing generation plants and control systems.
rators may not be able to comply with the RoCoF ride-through requirements expressed in grid codes and that failure to ride-through could further exacerbate a RoCoF event. • ENTSO-E review of global experience with high RoCoF events suggest...
AI summary The text discusses concerns related to RoCoF (Rate of Change of Frequency) events, particularly the potential inability of generators and DER (Distributed Energy Resources) to comply with RoCoF ride-through requirements. It also highlights the need for a better understanding of RoCoF capabilities and the importance of grid interconnections to mitigate cascading events.
ted from the large manufacturing plants in Nova Scotia and plant models are under development to assess any adverse impact to the ability to start large motors via EMT study. 5.4.8 Transformer Inrush NERC technical report: “Integrating Inv...
AI summary The document discusses potential adverse impacts of large motor startups and transformer inrush currents on the Nova Scotia grid, particularly in weak grid areas. It highlights concerns about voltage dips and their effects on nearby plants, and outlines mitigation options for integrating renewable energy sources and IBR sites.
on all new WECs to provide a frequency support contribution to the NSPI grid and that can include mechanical inertia from the turbine. 6.1.2 Grid Following and Grid Forming Inverters Typically, IBRs have been grid following – taking a refe...
AI summary The text discusses the need for frequency support from new WECs and addresses the challenges posed by the increasing number of grid-following inverters (IBRs) in Nova Scotia's power system. It highlights the potential for reduced system strength and the risks of cascading events if IBRs cannot maintain synchronism on a weak grid. Research into grid-forming inverters and virtual synchronous machine emulation is being explored to address these challenges.
ally in addition to staying online. This approach would have an IBR to operate in “grid forming” mode or with novel control concepts such as “virtual synchronous machine emulation”. 35 2024 10-Year System Outlook Report NSUARB IR-15 Attach...
AI summary The document discusses the potential of grid-forming inverters (IBRs) to stabilize the power system by emulating traditional synchronous machines. It highlights research and real-world examples, such as the Australian National Energy Market, that support the use of grid-forming inverters in high-renewables grids to ensure system strength and stability.
rators online, they have identified grid forming inverters as having the potential to support System Strength over and above what is needed to facilitate their own connection to the grid [19]. • The Dalrymple Battery Energy Storage System,...
AI summary Grid forming inverters, such as those used in the Dalrymple Battery Energy Storage System in South Australia, can enhance system strength and provide reliability services, enabling higher levels of renewable energy integration. These inverters replicate the behavior of synchronous machines and offer services like fast power injection and seamless islanding.
istribution network [21, 22]. The addition of frequency control, System Strength and high fault current from the grid forming BESS can allow higher levels of renewables to connect and operate. • The Maritime Link (ML), a VSC HVDC link betw...
AI summary The document discusses the role of frequency control and system strength in the distribution network, highlighting the benefits of grid-forming battery energy storage systems (BESS) in supporting higher levels of renewable integration. It also describes the Maritime Link (ML), a VSC HVDC link between Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, which provides frequency support and system stability during contingency events.
2024 10-Year System Outlook Report NSUARB IR-15 Attachment 1 Page 46 of 60 Frequency Control and System Strength Assessment 6.1.3 Fast Frequency Response Figure 6 in Section 7.1.2 demonstrates the ability of FFR from an IBR in damping a fr...
AI summary The document discusses the role of Fast Frequency Response (FFR) from IBRs, BESS, and HVDC in stabilizing the Nova Scotia grid during disturbances. It highlights the importance of BESS in managing renewable energy supply and mitigating stability concerns, as well as the potential use of synchronous condensers to enhance system strength and support high IBR penetration.
tation looks to provide better SCMVA support than brushless excitation. EMT models have been requested from vendors and assessment of the potential value to better support System Strength is underway. In addition to System Strength support...
AI summary The document discusses the importance of synchronous condensers and other system strength support measures, such as FACTS devices and transmission connections, in maintaining grid stability and frequency control as the penetration of inverter-based resources increases. EMT models are being assessed for their potential value in system strength support.
the vicinity to the tie line terminus. Two area were noted with the potential to improve the ability of the greater area to increase IBR resources and operate over a wider range of system conditions. 6.6.1 Second Tie with NB The addition o...
AI summary The text discusses grid improvements, including adding a second 345kV transmission line to New Brunswick to enhance system strength and reduce RoCoF, and reinforcing transmission in western Nova Scotia to support growing load and accommodate wind projects.
on lines help support the grid, additional transmission connections in this area may resolve many of these issues and allow for additional wind projects in this area. 6.7 Operating Guidelines It is important to consider credible operating...
AI summary The document discusses potential grid strengthening measures, including additional transmission connections and wind curtailment during outlier conditions to manage costs. It also highlights the importance of credible operating conditions and mentions the initial findings and recommendations from a frequency control and system strength assessment, with an updated report pending.
. • First Stage Studies assessment of inertia (including RoCoF) and SCMVA based on PSS®E studies, considering the present system and the 2030 projected system. 7.1 Findings NSPI can incorporate renewables, in particular IBR resources, limi...
AI summary The document discusses the integration of Inverter-Based Resources (IBRs) into the grid for frequency and system strength support, noting that while IBRs were previously not considered effective for this purpose, new control strategies have changed this. NSPI can incorporate renewables, but technical challenges and the need for grid support are highlighted as significant considerations.
for the same support when available. Together these IBR will provide FFR and be able to change output quickly to meet the tie schedule during periods of high volatility of wind energy. IBRs can also provide grid support during voltage excu...
AI summary The document discusses how Inverter-Based Resources (IBRs) can provide Frequency Response Reserve (FFR) and support the grid during voltage fluctuations. IBRs can inject or absorb current to maintain fault current levels, contributing to short-circuit MVA, but their contribution should be excluded when assessing system strength for interconnection screening.
r 2.5 Hz/s on a 500ms sample time for its most severe contingency. That said, this metric should be reviewed to determine if it is suited for a grid with IBR as a high percentage of online generation. There are many sources of inertia and...
AI summary The document discusses frequency control and system strength in Nova Scotia's grid, highlighting the role of the Maritime Link (ML) in providing Frequency Response Reserve (FFR) and arresting Rate of Change of Frequency (RoCoF). It notes that the ML's FFR can perform similarly to large synchronous machines and suggests additional Voltage Source Converter HVDC sources could enhance frequency support.
very quickly to help frequency recovery in Nova Scotia as it passed the triggering threshold. Seconds Figure 6: Maritime Link Frequency Response Based on the above, with new technology and FFR capability, the inertia requirement for stable...
AI summary The document discusses frequency control and system strength in Nova Scotia, highlighting how new technologies like FFR can dynamically meet inertia requirements. It notes that the minimum inertia requirement ranges from 2224 MW s to 3181 MW s, and FFR can reduce these values. The assessment focuses on frequency control, with additional SIR requirements depending on location.
control in line with the original PSC study. Depending on the location of the frequency support, additional SIR may be required online at specific locations to maintain SCMVA. 7.1.3 EMT Model Quality IBR control systems and operating modes...
AI summary The text discusses the need for high-quality EMT models to understand and evaluate the impact of IBR control systems on grid stability, especially as renewable energy penetration increases. It highlights the importance of robust models for developing project specifications and the potential need for updated guidelines and real-time data as grid conditions evolve.
time data needs may increase substantially and real time calculations for inertia and SCMVA at critical buses may need to be visible to Transmission Operations staff. • Distributed Energy Resources Increases in the total MW of DER and othe...
AI summary The document outlines potential challenges and recommendations related to system strength, distributed energy resources, protection and control, motor load customers, and transformation in the context of grid modernization and increasing renewable energy integration.
• Transformation Inrush issues may arise as noted in Section 5.4.8 and will be evaluated on a case-by-case basis as new plants and equipment are connected to the grid. 7.2 Recommendations The following recommendations are advised to enable...
AI summary The document discusses concerns regarding the integration of Inverter-Based Resources (IBR) in Nova Scotia's grid, particularly focusing on the need for stable and reliable integration. It highlights the risks of high Rate of Change of Frequency (RoCoF) events and recommends verifying network response through EMT simulations, reviewing existing generation plants, and updating transmission system interconnection requirements.
acceptable to NSPI. • Regularly review and recommend updates to the Transmission System Interconnection Requirements to address concerns identified during system study (RoCoF, models, 43 2024 10-Year System Outlook Report NSUARB IR-15 Atta...
AI summary The document discusses updates to interconnection requirements for transmission and distribution systems, including addressing RoCoF, harmonics, voltage, BESS, solar, and grid forming requirements for IBR. MHI has recommended changes to the Transmission System Interconnection Requirements. It also highlights the need for inertia support and upgrades for wind facilities as existing PPAs terminate.
ent and to support the addition of additional IBR facilities. The performance of many of these existing facilities in a high IBR grid is well below that expected of newly connected facilities. • Perform incremental studies for each wave of...
AI summary The text discusses the need for incremental grid studies as IBR facilities are added to the NSPI grid, highlighting the limitations of current planning metrics and the need for updated system operating guidelines. It also recommends optimal placement of grid support mechanisms as synchronous plants are retired and suggests updating IBR and inertia constraints for modelling.
line. At the present time, studies indicate that there is no hard limit on IBR penetration and dispatch if there is adequate frequency and System Strength support online. 7.2.3 Good Planning Practice Recommendations to implement good plann...
AI summary The text discusses planning practices for integrating renewables in Nova Scotia, emphasizing the need for annual assessments of system inertia and strength, updated model requirements for load and generation, and system studies for load growth and hydro availability. It also highlights the importance of maintaining SCMVA levels and addressing potential grid disconnections due to low system strength.
ower levels do not adversely impact NSPI customers. 7.2.4 System Operator Transition to High IBR Grid Recommendations to support the System Operator transition to a grid with high IBR online. 45 2024 10-Year System Outlook Report NSUARB IR...
AI summary The document outlines recommendations for transitioning the System Operator to a grid with high Inverter-Based Resources (IBR), including developing methodologies to estimate system strength and inertia, and reviewing operating guidelines. It also addresses black start restoration planning for the 2030 grid. A reference to a NERC report on Fast Frequency Response is included.
ntrol and System Strength Assessment 8 References [1] “Fast Frequency Response Concepts and Bulk Power System Reliability Needs”, NERC Inverter-Based Resource Performance Task Force, March 2020 [2] “Experiences with Wind Power Plants with...
AI summary The document provides references to studies and reports on system strength, frequency response, and the integration of renewable energy sources into power systems. It includes materials from NERC, AEMO, CIGRE, and various offshore wind projects, focusing on the impact of inverter-based resources and HVDC systems on grid reliability and stability.