N-1CI C0083589 – IR751 Brooklyn Community Solar - $0 - Redacted
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SUMMARY This study was initiated to determine the requirements and conditions for the proposed interconnection of 4.8 MW of solar generation with inverters by the Interconnection Customer (IC) at the Brooklyn Road, Annapolis County, Nova S...
AI summary This report outlines requirements for interconnecting a 4.8 MW solar facility in Annapolis County, Nova Scotia. Key findings include the need for a dedicated switch, NSPI's obligation to upgrade distribution infrastructure (at the customer's expense), and a cost estimate of $2,557,454 for required line extensions and upgrades. The Interconnection Customer assumes responsibility for maintenance and replacement costs of dedicated infrastructure.
REDACTED CI C0083589 Attachment 1 Page 3 of 40 REDACTED (CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION REMOVED) - Section 4 of this report. The Interconnection Customer must comply with the Interconnection Facility requirements listed in Section 6 of this repo...
AI summary The document outlines interconnection requirements for the Brooklyn Solar Site, including compliance with power factor standards, flicker emission protocols, and NSPI's operational control over high-voltage equipment. It emphasizes adherence to electrical codes, inspection processes, and potential disconnection risks if flicker issues persist.
4.2 Isolating Devices A manual disconnecting device between the Generating Facility and its connection point behind the meter with a visible break for isolation purposes must be provided. The form of this device will vary with the service...
AI summary The document specifies requirements for manual disconnecting devices between generating facilities and connection points, emphasizing accessibility, visible break capability, phase synchronization, and lockability. NSPI must approve the device's location and form, and it is owned by the Interconnection Customer, adhering to the Canadian Electrical Code.
4.3 Grounding Requirements Following the addition of any Interconnection Customer Interconnection Facilities and a Generating Facility to the Distribution System, the system must remain effectively grounded at all locations, in all sustain...
AI summary The document mandates that after adding interconnection and generating facilities, the distribution system must remain effectively grounded under all conditions. Temporary ungrounding is prohibited to prevent overstressing surge arrestors, with NSPI's DSIR providing further details.
4.4 Interconnection Transformer Configuration The Generating Facility interconnection transformer shall not cause voltage disturbances or disrupt coordination of Distribution System ground fault protection. The interconnection transformers...
AI summary The interconnection transformer configuration must avoid voltage disturbances and ensure coordination with distribution system ground fault protection. The proposed setup includes two 2500 kVA transformers and a ZigZag grounding transformer on the low-voltage side.
4.5 Synchronizing Facilities Synchronous generators and self-commutated inverters connected to the Distribution System must be equipped with synchronizing facilities to permit connection only when both the frequency and voltage are within...
AI summary Synchronous generators and self-commutated inverters connected to the Distribution System must have synchronizing facilities to ensure safe connection when frequency and voltage are within specified limits. These settings must be approved by NSPI before finalizing the SSGIA, and the Interconnection Customer is responsible for maintaining these facilities.
Table 3: Synchronization Limits - from IEEE 1547-2018 - Table 5 Aggregate Ratings of Generation (kVA) Frequency Difference (ΔHz) Voltage Difference (ΔV, %) Phase Angle Difference (degrees) 0 to 500 0.3 10 20 > 500 to 1,500 0.2 5 15 > 1,500...
AI summary Table 3 outlines synchronization limits for generating facilities based on aggregate ratings, specifying frequency, voltage, and phase angle differences. It also mandates that protection mechanisms prevent synchronization until the distribution system stabilizes, with delay settings specified by NSPI.
4.6 Voltage Regulation and Power Factor Control Inverter-based generators interconnected to the distribution system must be capable of controlling voltage. The controller's voltage set-point shall be adjustable throughout the range of 95%...
AI summary Inverter-based generators connected to the distribution system must have adjustable voltage set-points within 95%-105% of rated terminal voltage to ensure proper voltage regulation and power factor control.
REDACTED (CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION REMOVED) REDACTED CI C0083589 Attachment 1 Page 12 of 40 Refer to Section 6.17 of the DSIR document for additional voltage regulation and power factor control requirements specific to the interconnection...
AI summary The text references Section 6.17 of the DSIR document, which outlines voltage regulation and power factor control requirements for interconnecting smart/advanced inverter-based generation systems. This highlights technical interconnection standards relevant to grid integration.
Function Frequency (Hz) Clearing Time (sec) OF2 > 62 0.16 OF1 > 61.2 300 UF1 < 58.5 300 UF2 < 56.5 0.16 Frequency ride-through performance requirements for inverter-based generation, as shown in Table 5, must also be respected. The generat...
AI summary The document outlines frequency ride-through performance requirements for inverter-based generation, specifying that generators must remain connected to the distribution system during certain frequency ranges and operate in designated modes as defined in Table 5.
Table 5: Generating Facility Frequency Ride-Through Function Settings – from CSA C22.3 Frequency Condition Distribution System Frequency Ride-Through Duration (sec) Inverter Operating Mode Clearing Time: adjustable up to & including (sec)...
AI summary Table 5 outlines frequency ride-through function settings for generating facilities, referencing CSA C22.3 standards. It specifies different frequency conditions, corresponding ride-through durations, inverter operating modes, and clearing times for various levels of over and under frequency conditions.
4.8 Off-Nominal Voltage Operation The Generating Facility shall have protective devices installed to detect abnormal voltages and to disconnect the generators from the system. Over/Under Voltage relaying limits (from CSA C22.3) will be set...
AI summary The Generating Facility must install protective devices to detect abnormal voltages and disconnect generators from the system. Over/Under Voltage relaying limits will be set according to CSA C22.3 standards unless otherwise specified by NSPI.
Table 6: Voltage Limit Default Settings – from Table 10, CSA C22.3 No. 9 Function Voltage (% of nominal voltage) Clearing Time (sec) OV3 >120 0.16 OV2 > 110 2 OV1 > 106 120 UV1 < 88 10 UV2 < 45 0.16 Voltage ride-through performance require...
AI summary Table 6 outlines voltage limit default settings based on CSA C22.3 No. 9, specifying voltage thresholds and clearing times for various conditions. Inverter-based generation must meet voltage ride-through performance requirements as detailed in Table 7, ensuring continued connection to the distribution system within specified voltage-time ranges.
Table 7: Voltage Ride-Through Settings – from CSA C22.3 Ride- Through - Clearing time: Post Ride-Through Start/Restart Conditions Voltage Condition Voltage at POI (% of Nominal) Duration Default Setting (Sec) Inverter Operating Mode Adjust...
AI summary Table 7 outlines voltage ride-through settings from CSA C22.3, detailing conditions for overvoltage and undervoltage levels, including clearing times and restart criteria. The Generating Facility must comply with IEEE 1547-2018 standards to prevent exceeding 138% of nominal voltage, requiring temporary overvoltage protection on inverters.
4.9 Generator Islanding Islanding is not permitted. The Interconnection Customer must ensure that the Generating Facility cannot energize any portion of the NSPI Distribution System if the NSPI circuit source is de-energized. In addition,...
AI summary Islanding is prohibited. The Interconnection Customer must ensure generators cannot energize the NSPI Distribution System if the NSPI circuit is de-energized and must enable anti-islanding protections on their main intertie device.
4.10 Thermal Limits and Overcurrent Protection Thermal limits of NSPI equipment shall not be exceeded as a result of the addition of the generating facility. Protection shall be provided to detect and cease energization for all phase-to-ph...
AI summary Section 4.10 mandates that NSPI equipment thermal limits must not be exceeded by new generating facilities. It requires fault detection and de-energization mechanisms for phase-to-phase and phase-to-ground faults on the NSPI Distribution System to ensure reliability and safety.
4.11 Protection of Equipment and Fault Detection The Interconnection Customer must ensure that their protection devices will detect abnormal system conditions and isolate their facilities from the NSPI Distribution System including, but no...
AI summary The Interconnection Customer must ensure their protection devices detect abnormal system conditions (e.g., over/under frequency, voltage, anti-islanding) and isolate their facilities from NSPI's distribution system to prevent disruptions.
4.12 Automatic Start/Restart of Generation Facilities Individual generators are permitted to automatically start or restart after tripping from the Distribution System. This automatic restart may occur only after the Distribution System vo...
AI summary Generators may automatically restart after tripping from the distribution system only if voltages are restored, frequency stabilizes at 60 Hz, and a 5-minute delay has passed. This ensures system stability and safety during restart procedures.
4.13 Protection Coordination The protection systems installed by the Interconnection Customer shall coordinate with NSPI's protection facilities. The Interconnection Customer shall submit details of the protection facilities and proposed s...
AI summary The Interconnection Customer must coordinate protection systems with NSPI's facilities, submitting details and settings for review and acceptance. Revisions to settings also require NSPI's approval.
4.14.1 Voltage Flicker The Interconnection Customer is to ensure that the operation of the Generating Facility does not cause voltage variations on the Distribution System that result in objectionable lamp flicker to other connected custom...
AI summary The Interconnection Customer must ensure the Generating Facility does not cause voltage variations leading to lamp flicker on NSPI's Distribution System. Limits for short-term (Pst ≤ 0.35) and long-term (Plt ≤ 0.25) flicker severity are defined per IEEE 1547-2018, measured at the POI. Compliance applies to all operational periods.
4.16 Voltage Regeneration Sustained voltage regeneration from the Interconnection Customer's Interconnection Facilities following the loss of a supply phase on the Distribution System is not permitted. Regenerated voltages may not be well...
AI summary Sustained voltage regeneration after a supply phase loss on the Distribution System is prohibited due to potential voltage instability and inadequate short-circuit protection. Interconnection Customers must assess their site's regeneration capability and design mitigations. Generator step-up transformers can regenerate voltage, but only some configurations maintain nominal levels, requiring interconnection protection to detect phase loss.
4.17 Advanced Inverter Functions and Operating Requirements All advanced inverter-based Generating Facilities shall comply with the Advanced Inverter Functions and Operating Requirements specified in the Interconnection Requirements docume...
AI summary This section outlines the requirements for advanced inverter-based generating facilities, specifying compliance with Interconnection Requirements document Section 6.17 and CSA certification standards for inverter equipment.
The following is a summary of advanced inverter functions and their default state: • Anti-Islanding Activated • Voltage Ride Through Activated • Frequency Ride Through Activated • Volt-Watt Mode Available • Frequency-Watt Mode Available •...
AI summary The text outlines the default states of various advanced inverter functions, including anti-islanding, voltage and frequency ride through, and dynamic volt-VAR mode, which are activated by default, while others like Volt-Watt and Frequency-Watt modes are available but not activated.
4.18 Interface Control and Communication Requirements
AI summary This section outlines requirements for interface control and communication in regulatory proceedings, focusing on technical standards and coordination protocols. It likely addresses interconnection procedures, system reliability, and compliance with industry standards for grid integration.
4.18.1 Interface Communications All inverter-based Generation Facilities shall have provisions for monitoring and control of the disconnecting device at the inverter or POI, as well as monitoring of real power output, reactive power output...
AI summary This section outlines requirements for inverter-based Generation Facilities, including monitoring and control provisions at the disconnecting device and compliance with CSA standards for information exchange.
5.0 LOCAL IMPACTS The following analysis was based on generator data provided by the customer. Distribution system software produced by Cyme International (CYMDIST 9.4) was used for the following sections to determine the impact of the new...
AI summary The analysis of local impacts relied on customer-provided generator data and Cyme International's CYMDIST 9.4 software to assess effects on the existing distribution system from new generation sources.
5.1 Configuration and Grounding NSPI's primary Distribution System is a 3-phase, 4-wire multi-grounded common neutral system ("effectively grounded-wye"). This generally provides a single intentional ground path for short-circuit currents...
AI summary NSPI's distribution system is a 3-phase, 4-wire multi-grounded common neutral system (effectively grounded-wye), ensuring a single ground path for short-circuit currents. After adding generating facilities, the system must maintain effective grounding and comply with DSIR Section 6.3 for protection and coordination.
Table 10: Short Circuit and X/R Ratio Data at Solar Generator Site POI Short Circuit Level and X/R Ratio at POI Feeder ID Generator Status Short Circuit Level (MVA) X1/R1 Ratio Connected 12 (LG) 18 (LLL) 2.66 1.69 Disconnected 12 (LG) 18 (...
AI summary Table 10 provides short circuit and X/R ratio data at the Point of Interconnection (POI) for a solar generator site. The Interconnection Customer is required to design their facilities to withstand symmetrical fault levels of 9 kA (approximately 194 MVA), ensuring their equipment is rated appropriately.
5.3 Equipment Thermal Limits The installation of 4.8 MW solar inverters will create over-loading issues on the distribution facilities. The maximum steady state current produced by the generators is approximately 222 Amps at 12.47 kV which...
AI summary Installing 4.8 MW solar inverters will overload distribution facilities due to a 222 Amp current exceeding the 140 Amp limit of #4 AL conductors. Upgrades to 3.6 km of Evangaline Trail's feeder section (reconductored to 2/0 AASC) are required, pending detailed field scoping.
5.4 Impact on Transmission System At maximum generation, IR#751 – Brooklyn Solar generator site injects 4.8 MW on Substation through a 12.47 kV distribution circuit. This does not exceed the minimum substation load for and is not expected...
AI summary The Brooklyn Solar generator site (IR#751) injects 4.8 MW into the substation via a 12.47 kV circuit. This does not exceed the minimum substation load and is not expected to impact existing transmission infrastructure.
5.6 Voltage Unbalance The voltage profile for distribution circuit between and the POI is shown in Figure 6 under peak load conditions with generators online. Figure 6: Voltage Profile at POI with Voltage Control Settings The average volta...
AI summary The voltage unbalance at the Point of Interconnection (POI) for solar generators connected to the 12.47 kV system averages 3.1%, exceeding acceptable limits. Rephasing loads downstream of the POI is proposed to resolve line-to-line voltage deviations. NSPI acknowledges typical voltage unbalance below 3% but cannot guarantee compliance under all conditions, placing responsibility on the Interconnection Customer.
5.7 Voltage Regulation and Voltage Dip As per section 6.17 of the DSIR, all inverter based Generating Facilities shall be CSA certified and meet the functional requirements of CSA C22.3 No. 9:20 "Interconnection of distributed energy resou...
AI summary The document discusses voltage regulation requirements for inverter-based generating facilities under DSIR, highlighting that the Brooklyn Solar farm's addition may cause voltage fluctuations exceeding allowable limits (2.5%) during peak load conditions, as shown by CYMDIST load flow analysis (3.86% change under heavy load).
REDACTED CI C0083589 Attachment 1 Page 22 of 40 REDACTED (CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION REMOVED) IEEE 1547-2018 - Standard for Interconnecting Distributed Resources with Electric Power Systems defines the reactive power capabilities and voltage...
AI summary The text discusses the requirements for reactive power capabilities and voltage/power control as defined by IEEE 1547-2018. It highlights the responsibility of the Interconnection Customer to ensure compliance and references specific sections and tables that outline these requirements. It also mentions voltage unbalance and voltage dip issues at the Brooklyn solar generation site.
Table 11: Voltage-Reactive Power Settings for Brooklyn Solar Voltage Parameters (%) Reactive Power Parameters (%) 1. 92.0 (V1) 44.0 (Q1) 2. 98.0 (V2) 0.0 (Q2) 3. 100.0 (V3) 0.0 (Q3) 4. 102.0 (V4) -44.0 (Q4) These settings are subject to ch...
AI summary Table 11 outlines voltage and reactive power settings for the Brooklyn Solar project, indicating specific parameters for different settings. The settings are subject to change before the generator is commissioned, and the interconnection customer must submit these settings to NSPI prior to commissioning.
5.8 Protection and Control Settings Should it become necessary in the future to alter the settings of the substation recloser as a result of the new generation, any costs associated with modifying the device coordination settings or contro...
AI summary The Interconnection Customer will bear the costs of modifying substation recloser settings or device coordination controls if changes are required due to new generation integration. This responsibility is explicitly assigned to the customer in the event of future adjustments.
6.0 INTERCONNECTION FACILITIES REQUIREMENTS The following subsections outline the Interconnection Facility requirements and the responsibilities of the Interconnection Customer and NSPI for procurement and installation. All costs incurred...
AI summary The document outlines interconnection facility requirements, specifying that the Interconnection Customer bears all costs incurred by NSPI. It mandates compliance with NSPI's Standard Protection Code for safety and design standards, available upon request.
REDACTED CI C0083589 Attachment 1 Page 23 of 40 REDACTED (CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION REMOVED) NSPI will own the distribution spans to the gang-operated disconnect switch shown on the one line diagram in Appendix A and will have operational c...
AI summary NSPI retains ownership of distribution spans to the gang-operated disconnect switch and operational control of the recloser at the POI. The Interconnection Customer owns the gang switch and all downstream electrical equipment. Protection settings for the POI recloser are detailed in Appendix B.
6.1 Facilities Procured by NSPI at the Interconnection Customer's Expense The following modifications will be required in order to provide a suitable supply to the site:
AI summary This section outlines the modifications required by Nova Scotia Power Inc. (NSPI) to provide suitable power supply to the site, funded by the interconnection customer. It highlights infrastructure adjustments necessary for facility integration.
6.1.1 Recloser A new electronic recloser complete with internal PTs; a remote protection cabinet; and electronic controller must be installed at the Point of Interconnection for the solar generator Site.
AI summary The text requires the installation of a new electronic recloser with internal potential transformers, a remote protection cabinet, and an electronic controller at the Point of Interconnection for a solar generator site.
6.1.2 Primary Metering Primary metering rack consisting of three metering class potential transformers rated 7,200-120V, and three metering class current transformers with CT ratios 300:5 A and rating factor 1.3. All instrument transformer...
AI summary The primary metering system includes potential and current transformers, with NSPI specifying and owning the equipment. The Interconnection Customer must install a bidirectional revenue meter as specified by NSPI, meeting Industry Canada standards and owned by NSPI.
6.1.3 Communications For Generating Facilities of less than 5 MW, the Interconnection Customer is responsible for ensuring facilities are capable of monitoring and control as described in Section 4.18. The implementation for monitoring and...
AI summary For generating facilities under 5 MW, the Interconnection Customer must ensure monitoring and control capabilities as described in Section 4.18. NSPI may request implementation of these requirements at a later date, to be funded by the Interconnection Customer.
6.2 Procurement Security for Long Lead Equipment and Scoping The following facilities are required to be purchased with procurement security funds: - Primary metering rack consisting of three metering class potential transformers rated 7,2...
AI summary The document outlines procurement security requirements for long-lead equipment, specifying technical specifications for metering racks, electronic reclosers, and scoping activities at the Point of Interconnection (POI). Key components include potential transformers (PTs), current transformers, and lightning arrestors.
6.3 Facilities Procured by the Interconnection Customer The Interconnection Customer is responsible for procurement of all facilities required for the operation of the solar installation.
AI summary The Interconnection Customer is responsible for procuring all necessary facilities for the solar installation's operation, including equipment and infrastructure. This responsibility ensures that the customer manages the procurement process, potentially impacting project timelines, costs, and compliance with interconnection standards.
6.3.1 Isolating Device – Gang-Operated Switch A gang-operated, NSPI accessible, and lockable switch, capable of providing a visible break, is required between the Generating Facility and its connection point behind the meter. This shall me...
AI summary A gang-operated switch, accessible and lockable by NSPI, is required between the Generating Facility and its connection point behind the meter to provide a visible break, meeting NSPI standards.
6.3.2 Solar Generation Site The engineering, procurement and construction of the solar generators, associated step-up transformers, and equipment grounding will be the responsibility of the Interconnection Customer. Final designs and equip...
AI summary The Interconnection Customer is responsible for engineering, procurement, and construction of solar generators, transformers, and grounding. NSPI retains authority to review and approve final designs and equipment selection for the solar generation site.
6.3.3 Step-Up Transformer The Interconnection Customer will acquire and install generator step-up transformers: 2 x 2500 kVA, 0.6kV – 12.47 kV, Y-Yg, step-up transformers with a Grounded Wye (HV) - Delta (LV) configuration and an impedance...
AI summary The Interconnection Customer must install two 2500 kVA step-up transformers with specific voltage ratings (0.6kV–12.47 kV), Y-Yg configuration (Grounded Wye–Delta), 5.75% impedance, and X/R=8, as outlined in their proposal.
6.3.4 Right of Way for 12.47 kV Extensions The Interconnection Customer will provide the necessary easements/ROW to NSPI for the line extension or upgrades required to interconnect the Brooklyn Solar site to the distribution system. Owners...
AI summary The Interconnection Customer must provide easements/right-of-way (ROW) for NSPI to extend or upgrade lines to interconnect the Brooklyn Solar site. They are responsible for constructing access roads and line extensions, with ownership of the POI transferring to NSPI post-construction. Appendix D outlines ROW requirements.
6.4 Operational Control of Electrical Lines and Equipment NSPI shall have operational control over any Interconnection Facilities it deems necessary to ensure reliability or serviceability of the Distribution System. Operational Control of...
AI summary NSPI retains operational control over interconnection facilities to ensure distribution system reliability. Operational control of customer equipment is defined in the SSGIA, with the responsible party accountable for safe electrical line and equipment operation.
The Interconnection Customer shall pay the full actual cost of the upgrades and additions required to the NSPI Distribution System in order to accommodate their solar Generation Facility. Modifications Customer Funded Estimate 1 2 3 4 5 6...
AI summary The Interconnection Customer is required to cover the full actual cost of upgrades and additions to the NSPI Distribution System to accommodate their solar Generation Facility. A table outlines modifications funded by the customer, though specific details are not provided.
8.0 CONCLUSIONS This study was initiated to determine the requirements and conditions for the proposed interconnection of 4.8 MW of solar generation with inverters by the Interconnection Customer (IC) at the Brooklyn Road, Annapolis County...
AI summary The report outlines interconnection requirements for a 4.8 MW solar farm in Annapolis County, Nova Scotia. Key requirements include a dedicated switch, NSPI upgrading distribution infrastructure at the customer's expense, and a $2.56M capital contribution estimate. The Interconnection Customer bears maintenance costs for dedicated lines, while NSPI manages facility maintenance.
REDACTED CI C0083589 Attachment 1 Page 27 of 40 REDACTED (CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION REMOVED) - Section 4 of this report. The Interconnection Customer must comply with the Interconnection Facility requirements listed in Section 6 of this rep...
AI summary The document outlines interconnection requirements for the Brooklyn Solar Site, emphasizing compliance with NSPI's operational control, flicker mitigation obligations, and adherence to electrical codes. NSPI reserves the right to disconnect non-compliant facilities, while the Interconnection Customer must ensure CSA-approved equipment and permit compliance.