Topic:"Low Income Programs" in M06733

Existing Residential The Existing Residential program, comprised of the Residential Direct Install, Rental Properties and Condos, Home Energy Assessment, Green Heat, Residential Solar components, and Low Income Homeowner services, achieved...

AI summary The Existing Residential program exceeded its 2014 energy savings target (37.0 GWh vs. 34.2 GWh), with ENSC agreeing to separately report low-income program results under the 2015 DSM Settlement Agreement. The RDI component increased installations by switching from CFLs to LEDs, reducing free ridership and boosting participation.

& lt;sup>d Reflects ENS's planned participation by low income customers, per the 2015 DSM Resource Settlement Agreement. Figure 1.3 - 2017 DSM Resource Plan Investment and Savings 2017 Investment (S Lifetime Benefits ($ million) a Incremen...

AI summary The 2017 DSM Resource Plan outlines investments and savings for residential and non-residential programs, including efficient product rebates, custom incentives, and education initiatives, with a focus on low-income participation and overall energy savings metrics.

2.2.1. Low-Income Initiatives Beginning in 2015, NS Power shareholders are committing up to $37 million dollars over 10 years to support the HomeWarming program. The program, in partnership with the Clean Foundation, will offer free energy...

AI summary NS Power is committing up to $37 million over 10 years to support the HomeWarming program, which provides free energy efficiency improvements to low-income homeowners. ENS is also working on initiatives for multi-unit residential buildings and conducting research on low-income rental accommodations with electric heating, as outlined in the 2015 DSM Resource Plan Settlement Agreement.

Update on Implementation of 2013 Verification and Evaluation Recommendations B C E F G K 34 Educate participants regarding the LIH participation and assessment processes: Findings from partner interviews showed that participants were confu...

AI summary The document discusses the implementation of a 2013 recommendation to educate participants about the Low-Income Home (LIH) program. Findings showed confusion among participants regarding the process, and ENSC plans to create a one-page document to clarify roles and steps, expected to be available in Q4.

Table 4: Target performance indicators and Minimum Requirements in DC Target performance indicators Metric Unit Reduced per-capita energy consumption MWh, Mcf Increase renewable energy generating capacity $/kWh Reduced growth in peak deman...

AI summary Table 4 outlines target performance indicators and minimum requirements in the District of Columbia, focusing on energy consumption, renewable energy capacity, peak demand, energy efficiency in low-income housing, and job creation. Metrics include MWh, kW, and FTEs, while minimum requirements are measured in dollars.

Societal Impacts - The District of Columbia is the only region that includes job creation as a formal target, both because it is a key issue locally and because of the greater than usual possibility of DSM-related jobs leaking outside of t...

AI summary The text discusses societal impacts of energy programs, emphasizing job creation in DC, equity considerations in Hawaii, Massachusetts, Vermont, and DC, and challenges in measuring energy savings. California uses ex-ante/ex-post methods for savings calculations, while Wisconsin faces issues with custom measures.

Figure 8. Participant NEBs: The Case of B.C. In British Columbia, the ambitious DSM goals of BC Hydro and Fortis BC recently began to hit up against the limitations of the TRC. As a result, in December 2011, the province chose to redefine...

AI summary British Columbia redefined its Total Resource Cost (TRC) test to include non-energy benefits (NEBs) from demand-side management (DSM) programs. Three methods were introduced for NEB inclusion, with a 15% cap on portfolio-level impacts. Nova Scotia Power may benefit from reduced utility costs due to lower consumer electricity bills, though these are not quantified as utility NEBs.

Program Component Overview LIH aims to facilitate the implementation of cost-effective building envelope measures in homes owned by low-income customers across Nova Scotia by providing upgrades at no cost to homeowners. LIH mainly includes...

AI summary The LIH program aims to provide cost-effective building envelope upgrades to low-income homeowners in Nova Scotia at no cost, including insulation, draft-proofing, and appliance replacements with ENERGY STAR® models where possible.

Key Findings LIH had a total of 961 participants in 2014, compared with 739 in 2013 and 811 in 2012. LIH generated 2.311 GWh in net savings at the generator and 0.539 MW in peak demand savings in 2014, compared with 1.678 GWh and 0.398 MW...

AI summary The LIH program saw increased participation and energy savings from 2013 to 2014. The program's net savings increased due to higher participation and changes to the EnerGuide point value. The NTGR for LIH was assumed to be 1 due to negligible distortion and interactive effects.

2 VALIDATED SAVINGS In 2014, a full-scale evaluation of LIH was not carried out. The evaluation of LIH involved not only substantiating the savings tracked by ENSC who used the parameters established in the 2013 evaluation, but also reasse...

AI summary In 2014, a full-scale evaluation of the Low Income Homeowner (LIH) program was not conducted. The evaluation of LIH involved verifying savings tracked by ENSC using parameters from the 2013 evaluation and reassessing key parameters such as EnerGuide point value, modelled energy consumption, and unitary savings. This section discusses the validation of gross and net savings for LIH.

Data Processing With regards to data, the Evaluator used the initial and final EnerGuide ratings and the modeled consumption values provided for 2013 LIH participants. More specifically, the Evaluator kept only those participants who met t...

AI summary The Evaluator processed data from 88 LIH participants using initial and final EnerGuide ratings and modeled consumption values. Participants had to meet specific criteria, including having both initial and final EnerGuide ratings, using 100% electrical heating, and showing an improved rating post-implementation. The analysis aimed to ensure a representative sample for evaluating savings per EnerGuide point.

Tracked Savings ENSC promotes the replacement of old freezers with more efficient models Through LIH. For this measure, ENSC uses a unitary savings value of 540 kWh per year, based on the 2013 LIH evaluation report. This figure is based on...

AI summary ENSC promotes replacing old freezers with more efficient models through LIH programs, using a unitary savings value of 540 kWh per year based on data from the 2013 LIH evaluation report and NRCan EnerGuide Appliance Directory.

2.4 Net Savings Net savings were estimated by applying the interactive effects and the NTGR to the gross energy savings, using the equation below. Net savings = Gross Evaluation Savings × (1 + Interactive Effects Factor) × NTGR As with pre...

AI summary Net savings for LIH were calculated using the NTGR and interactive effects factor. Due to the transfer of certain measures to RDI, the interactive effects factor was not applied, leading to a simplified calculation. Total net energy and peak demand savings were estimated at 2.101 GWh and 0.490 MW at the meter, and 2.311 GWh and 0.539 MW at the generator.

1 PROGRAM DESCRIPTION In July 2012, Efficiency Nova Scotia Corporation (ENSC) launched Residential Direct Install (RDI). RDI offers free low-cost energy efficiency upgrades to homeowners and renters. It was created following the success of...

AI summary Residential Direct Install (RDI) was launched in July 2012 by Efficiency Nova Scotia Corporation (ENSC) to provide free energy efficiency upgrades to homeowners and renters. The program was expanded in 2014 to all residents of Nova Scotia and included a CBSM pilot to promote cold water laundry. Funding comes from electricity ratepayers and the Province of Nova Scotia.

Barriers to Participation Survey results showed that the number of participants reporting a challenge or barrier to participation has increased since 2012. Participants who talked about barriers to BES (23%) most often mentioned problems w...

AI summary Survey results indicate an increase in reported barriers to participation in the Business Energy Solutions (BES) program since 2012. Common issues include problems with contractors, unavailability of measures, lack of financing, and poor contractor attitudes. Participants suggested better quality control as a key improvement.

Demographic Characteristics (Series D)

AI summary The document outlines demographic characteristics from Series D, including acronyms related to energy efficiency programs, research methodologies, and regulatory entities. Key terms involve demand-side management, energy efficiency metrics, and organizations involved in energy conservation initiatives.

Table 4: Types of Evaluation TYPE OF EVALUATION PROGRAM Impact COMPONENT OR INITIATIVE Process Market Full-scale Tracked Savings Validation 1 Appliance Retirement x 2 Instant Savings x x x 3 Home Energy Assessment x 4 Green Heat x x x 5 Lo...

AI summary Table 4 outlines various types of evaluation for different programs and initiatives, including process, market, and full-scale evaluations, as well as tracked savings and validation. The table highlights which programs have been evaluated and the types of evaluations applied to them.

pation by low income customers, per the 2015 DSM Resource Plan Settlement Agreement. Numbers are a subset of Existing Residential. 1 2 Figure 3 - 2017 DSM Resource Plan Investment and Savings Incremental Incremental Annual Net Annual Net P...

AI summary The text references the 2015 DSM Resource Plan Settlement Agreement and highlights data on low-income customer participation in energy efficiency programs. Figure 3 outlines 2017 DSM investment and savings metrics, including energy and demand savings, total resource costs, and program administrator evaluations.

Other Enabling Strategies 0.7 Total 40.3 139.8 136.5 21.0 2.0 3.8 0.5 Currency is expressed in 2016 dollars. Columns may not add correctly, due to rounding. Annual avoided costs, calculated using ENSC’s DSM Potential Study at the Base Leve...

AI summary The text presents data on avoided costs, lifetime benefits, and cost-benefit ratios (TRC, PAC, RIM) for demand-side management (DSM) programs. It references the 2015 DSM Resource Plan Settlement Agreement and the 2016-2018 EECA Supply Agreement (M06733), highlighting low-income participation and energy efficiency metrics.

ate Filed: March 27, 2015 E1 (NSPI) IR-6 Page 3 of 3 2016-2018 Supply Agreement for EECA M06733 (E-ENS-R-15) E1 Responses to NSPI Information Requests NON-CONFIDENTIAL 1 Request IR-7: 2 3 Reference: EfficiencyOne, Appendix A – 2016-2018 DS...

AI summary E1 responds to NSPI's information request regarding income verification and participation statistics in residential programs. E1 states it does not collect income levels for most programs, relying instead on independent evaluations to assess program effectiveness and cost efficiency.

te Filed: March 27, 2015 NSPI IR-12 Attachment 1 Page 14 of 26 Summary of Results – All Sectors Highest Average Range of Bill General Participation Conclusions Single-Year Long-Term Savings For Cumulative Participation Rate Increase Rate I...

AI summary The summary of results indicates that the residential sector has a highest single-year rate increase of 7% and an average long-term rate increase of 2%, with bill savings ranging from -1% to 9%. The low-income sector has a highest single-year rate increase of 8% and an average long-term rate increase of 2%, with bill savings ranging from -2% to 12%. Small C&I has a highest single-year rate increase of 6% and an average long-term rate increase of 1%, with bill savings ranging from 37% to 47%. Large C&I has a highest single-year rate increase of 9% and an average long-term rate increase of 0%, with bill savings ranging from 2% to 3%.

16 3.1 DSM Spending Levels 17 18 NS Power understands and agrees cost-effective and affordable DSM can provide long 19 term value to customers. Through our partner, Clean Nova Scotia, NS Power will 20 finance efficiency upgrades for an est...

AI summary NS Power agrees that cost-effective and affordable DSM can provide long-term value to customers. They plan to finance efficiency upgrades for 6,600 low-income homeowners through Clean Nova Scotia, using up to $37 million over 10 years, funded by shareholders. This initiative aims to address affordability concerns without passing costs to customers.

NON-CONFIDENTIAL 1 Request IR-1: 2 3 With reference to paragraph 1, page 21 of NSPI's evidence, 4 5 Does Nova Scotia Power acknowledge that approximately 50% of low income households 6 are renters and NS Power's low income homeowner progra...

AI summary Nova Scotia Power acknowledges that its low-income homeowner program does not benefit renters, as it is limited to single-family homes. The company has committed to upgrading 6,600 low-income homes with electric heating at no cost. Efficiency NS is researching options for low-income renters, but NS Power is not aware of specific commitments made by Efficiency NS in this regard.

NON-CONFIDENTIAL 1 Request IR-4: 2 3 With reference to Appendix B, residential lighting and other elements 4 5 Does NS Power acknowledge that low income renters will experience hardship replacing 6 their lights with efficient bulbs due to...

AI summary The document addresses a request (IR-4) asking if NS Power acknowledges that low-income renters face hardship replacing bulbs with efficient ones due to costs and whether a direct install program will continue. NS Power responds by affirming support for low-income initiatives, collaboration with stakeholders like AEC, and alignment with affordability goals under the Public Utilities Act.

CONFIDENTIAL (Attachment Only) 1 Request IR-2: 2 3 At page 15, Lines 18-25, NSPI discusses the $37 million it is committing over ten years, in 4 partnership with Clean Nova Scotia, to assist 6600 low income homeowners, and in its 5 conclus...

AI summary The document discusses a request for information regarding a partnership between NSPI and Clean Nova Scotia to assist low-income homeowners, including a contract and the status of negotiations. The response refers to a confidential attachment.

2016-2018 DSM Plan (NSUARB M06733) NSPI Responses to Multeese Information Requests 1 Request IR-3: 2 3 At page 15, Lines 18-25, NSPI discusses the $37 million it is committing over ten years, in 4 partnership with Clean Nova Scotia, to ass...

AI summary The document outlines NSPI's response to information requests regarding its role in the 2016-2018 DSM Plan, specifically focusing on program design, delivery, evaluation, and expenditure management. NSPI refers to a confidential attachment for detailed information.

REDACTED 1 Request IR-4: 2 3 At page 15, Lines 18-25 NSPI discusses the $37 million it is committing over ten years to 4 assist 6600 low income homeowners. Please provide for each of 2016, 2017 and 2018, 5 6 (a) the number of customers to...

AI summary The document details a request (IR-4) for specifics on NSPI's $37 million low-income homeowner assistance program over 2016-2018, including customer numbers, spending, energy savings, and revenue impacts. The response states the Clean Foundation's program serves 660 customers annually and clarifies the $37 million is a donation not affecting revenue requirements.

4.0 LETTERS OF COMMENT AND PUBLIC SPEAKERS [129] The Board received 37 letters of comment from various persons, who wrote individually or on behalf of organizations. With only two exceptions, all were supportive of El and maintaining the a...

AI summary The Board received 37 letters supporting El's DSM plan, emphasizing environmental, economic, and low-income benefits. Most advocated maintaining or increasing efficiency spending. A critique of Dr. Peach's evidence was an exception. Public speakers, including industry stakeholders and students, emphasized DSM's benefits and risks of reduced programs.

9) PRINCIPLES OF EQUITY a) ALL ratepayers are entitled to an equitable opportunity to partIcipate in DSM programs. Lowincome tenants and homeowners as well as marginally viable commercial and industrial customers are some of the most diffi...

AI summary The section emphasizes that all ratepayers, including low-income and marginally viable customers, must have equitable access to DSM programs. It highlights the need for services that address barriers faced by these groups and for cost-effectiveness screening to consider additional costs.

PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS - ix. An analysis of the impact on rates through the implementation of the 2016-2018 programs will be included as part of EfficiencyOne's historical-looking rate and bill impact analysis, filed by October 31st of e...

AI summary EfficiencyOne must analyze rate impacts of 2016-2018 programs annually by October 31, report low-income program metrics using census data, and submit performance indicators by rate class to the UARB in Q3 reports.

a Lifetime benefits are expressed as the net present value of the avoided costs, including energy and capacity, over the life ofthe program measures. b TRC is a benefit/cost ratio comparing lifetime benefits to the sum ofENS's and particip...

AI summary The text discusses the calculation of lifetime benefits as the net present value of avoided energy and capacity costs over the life of program measures. It introduces TRC and PAC as benefit/cost ratios, with TRC comparing benefits to the sum of ENS's and participants' costs, and PAC comparing benefits to ENS's costs. It also references ENS's planned participation by low income customers under the 2015 DSM Resource Settlement Agreement.

2.2.1. Low-Income Initiatives 15 16 17 18 19 Beginning in 2015, NS Power shareholders are committing up to $37 million dollars over 10 years to support the HomeWarming program. The program, in partnership with the Clean Foundation, will of...

AI summary NSPI shareholders are funding the HomeWarming program with $37M over 10 years, targeting low-income homeowners. ENS manages intake and explores upgrades. Efficiency Nova Scotia collaborates with Housing Nova Scotia on multi-unit initiatives. Research on rental accommodations is per a 2015 settlement agreement approved by UARB.

3) PERFORMANCE TARGETS, INDICATORS AND THRESHOLDS - a) The parties agree to the following Performance Targets and Performance Indicators: - i) Performance Targets are set over the three-year contract period, rather than annually. - ii) Eff...

AI summary Parties agree to three-year performance targets for EfficiencyOne, requiring 90% achievement on cumulative energy and peak demand savings. Performance indicators include annual and lifetime savings, ratepayer benefits, and customer satisfaction. Reporting by program and rate class is required, with low-income participation analysis and rate impact studies mandated.

tility and Review Board - June 2, 2015, pp 28 and 30-32. 3 Direct Evidence of Elizabeth Chant Vermont Energy Investment Corporation On Behalf of Ecology Action Centre - June 2, 2015, p 14. electrical bills as do other ratepayers. It is a f...

AI summary The text argues that low-income renters in Nova Scotia are excluded from the HomeWarming program and must rely on EfficiencyOne's services funded by NS Power. It emphasizes the need for increased DSM investment beyond the Settlement Agreement's recommended levels to ensure equitable access to efficiency programs, citing concerns about funding adequacy and barriers faced by low-income households.

drastic reduction would make a new low income rental program highly unlikely if not impossible. It would also threaten the less substantial direct install program that benefits low income households. 10 See EfficiencyOne Reply Evidence, Ju...

AI summary The text discusses the impact of reducing DSM investments on low-income rental programs and direct install initiatives. It notes that drastic reductions could make new low-income rental programs unlikely and threaten existing ones. It also highlights the affordability concerns for low-income households and the potential cost implications of increased rates.

i. NS Power's Charitable Contribution The Affordable Energy Coalition is represented on the advisory group for the HomeWarming program that uses NS Power's charitable contribution to fund substantial efficiency retrofits in electrically he...

AI summary The Affordable Energy Coalition highlights NS Power's charitable contribution to the HomeWarming program, which funds efficiency retrofits for low-income households. They recommend reporting program results to the NSUARB for DSM oversight per clause 10 of the Settlement Agreement. Separately, intervenors advocate for 3-year performance targets over annual ones to enable flexibility and a new low-income rental program under clause 3 of the Settlement Agreement.

Page 11: Access to ENSC programs is important to ensure fairness to ratepayers who are paying for the DSM initiative. It is recognized that some groups face higher barriers to participation than others. These barriers can be of a financial...

AI summary The document emphasizes the importance of ENSC program access for ratepayer fairness, noting barriers faced by some groups. NS Power's proposal to reduce Residential program spending would decrease energy efficiency services for low-income homeowners and renters.

5 The need for effective control of incentives The Consumer Advocate agrees it is necessary to ensure a cost effective DSM program. That includes ensuring incentives are appropriate. The issue of what level of incentive is appropriate for...

AI summary The Consumer Advocate emphasizes the need for cost-effective DSM programs with appropriate incentives. EfficiencyOne's proposed incentive levels face scrutiny, though no evidence shows they are excessive in Nova Scotia's context. Concerns include determining fair levels, addressing income disparities, and evaluating participation rates. Recommendations include rigorous incentive evaluation, tracking free ridership, and referring programs to a Working Group.

4.0 LETTERS OF COMMENT AND PUBLIC SPEAKERS [129] The Board received 37 letters of comment from various persons, who wrote individually or on behalf of organizations. With only two exceptions, all were supportive of El and maintaining the a...

AI summary The Board received 37 letters of comment, mostly supporting El's DSM plan and advocating for increased efficiency spending. Environmental, economic, and low-income benefits were cited. At a public session, 21 speakers, including industry stakeholders and students, emphasized DSM's importance, warning of industry capacity loss if funding decreases. Most supported maintaining energy efficiency initiatives.

2.2.1. Low-Income Initiatives Beginning in 2015, NS Power shareholders are committing up to $37 million dollars over 10 years to support the HomeWarming program. The program, in partnership with the Clean Foundation, will offer free energy...

AI summary NS Power commits up to $37 million over 10 years for the HomeWarming program, partnering with the Clean Foundation to provide energy efficiency upgrades to low-income homeowners. ENS will expand initiatives, including a building-envelope program for multi-unit housing and research on low-income rental accommodations, guided by the 2015 DSM Resource Plan Settlement Agreement approved by the UARB.

& lt;sup>d Reflects ENS's planned participation by low income customers, per the 2015 DSM Resource Settlement Agreement. 1 rollout expected in Q4 and full implementation expected in 2016. The intent is to enhance 2 the customer experience...

AI summary The text discusses ENS's planned participation in low-income customer programs as outlined in the 2015 DSM Resource Settlement Agreement, with rollout expected in Q4 and full implementation in 2016. The intent is to enhance customer experience while streamlining access to programs and services without altering their structure or operation.

2.2.1. Low-Income Initiatives Beginning in 2015, NS Power shareholders are committing up to $37 million dollars over 10 years to support the HomeWarming program. The program, in partnership with the Clean Foundation, will offer free energy...

AI summary NS Power is committing up to $37 million over 10 years to support the HomeWarming program, which provides free energy efficiency improvements to low-income homeowners. ENS is also conducting research on low-income rental accommodations with electric heating, as part of the 2015 DSM Resource Plan Settlement Agreement approved by the UARB in 2014.

ENS 2016-2018 DSM FILING (E-ENS-R-15) Appendix JSupply Agreement for Compliance Filing viii. Customer satisfaction Schedule C (Page 2 of 2) Performance Requirements ix. An analysis of the impact on rates through the implementation of the 2...

AI summary The document outlines performance requirements for the ENS 2016-2018 DSM Filing, including the analysis of rate and bill impacts, reporting on low-income program participation, and reporting performance indicators by rate class to the Utility and Review Board.

PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS - ix. An analysis of the impact on rates through the implementation of the 2016-2018 programs will be included as part of EfficiencyOne's historical-looking rate and bill impact analysis, filed by October 31st of e...

AI summary EfficiencyOne must analyze rate impacts of 2016-2018 programs annually, report low-income program metrics using census data, and submit performance indicators by rate class to the UARB by Q3.

Annual avoided costs, calculated using ENSC's DSM Potential Study at the Base Level, were provided by NS Power. They include the cost of energy and capacity. a Lifetime benefits are expressed as the net present value of the avoided costs,...

AI summary Annual avoided costs, calculated using ENSC's DSM Potential Study, were provided by NS Power and include energy and capacity costs. Lifetime benefits are expressed as the net present value of these avoided costs. TRC and PAC are benefit/cost ratios comparing lifetime benefits to combined and individual costs, respectively. The data reflects ENS's planned participation by low-income customers under the 2015 DSM Resource Settlement Agreement.

2.2.1. Low-Income Initiatives Beginning in 2015, NS Power shareholders are committing up to $37 million dollars over 10 years to support the HomeWarming program. The program, in partnership with the Clean Foundation, will offer free energy...

AI summary NS Power committed $37 million over 10 years for the HomeWarming program, partnering with Clean Foundation to provide energy efficiency upgrades to low-income homeowners. ENS will expand initiatives, including multi-unit building upgrades and research on rental accommodations, per the 2015 DSM Resource Plan Settlement Agreement approved by UARB in 2014.

PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS - ix. An analysis of the impact on rates through the implementation of the 2016-2018 programs will be included as part of EfficiencyOne's historical-looking rate and bill impact analysis, filed by October 31st of e...

AI summary EfficiencyOne must analyze rate impacts of 2016-2018 programs annually, report low-income program data using census info, and submit performance indicators by rate class to the UARB by Q3.

2.2.1. Low-Income Initiatives 15 16 17 18 19 Beginning in 2015, NS Power shareholders are committing up to $37 million dollars over 10 years to support the HomeWarming program. The program, in partnership with the Clean Foundation, will of...

AI summary NS Power is committing up to $37 million over 10 years to support the HomeWarming program, which provides free energy efficiency improvements to low-income homeowners heating with electricity. ENS is also researching low-income rental accommodations with electric heating and collaborating on building-envelope initiatives for multi-unit residential buildings.

3) PERFORMANCE TARGETS, INDICATORS AND THRESHOLDS - a) The parties agree to the following Performance Targets and Performance Indicators: - i) Performance Targets are set over the three-year contract period, rather than annually. - ii) Eff...

AI summary Parties agree to three-year performance targets (cumulative energy and peak demand savings) with 90% achievement thresholds. Non-compliance triggers regulatory review. Indicators include annual savings, lifetime benefits, and customer satisfaction. EffidencyOne must report by rate class and analyze rate impacts from 2016-2018 programs, including low-income participation via census data.

Residential Programs - Efficient Product Rebates – consists of point-of-purchase discounts and incentives for the retirement of old, inefficient appliances. - Existing Residential - consists of the Residential Direct Install, Rental Proper...

AI summary The document outlines residential energy efficiency programs in Nova Scotia, including rebates for efficient products, existing and new residential services, and energy savings initiatives aimed at reducing electricity consumption through various measures.