N-1Report
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.................................................................................................... 20 15 3.2.5 Rate Base Procurement ...........................................................................................................
AI summary The document outlines sections covering rate base procurement, unit utilization forecasts, system impact studies, environmental regulatory requirements, and resource adequacy. Key themes include energy mix evolution, transmission service queues, renewable electricity mandates, and environmental policy updates.
..................... 41 27 6.0 Resource Adequacy ........................................................................................................... 44 28 6.1 Operating Reserve Criteria ...............................................
AI summary The document outlines sections related to resource adequacy, reserve criteria, and renewable energy capacity contributions in Nova Scotia's 2024 10-Year System Outlook, focusing on grid reliability, planning reserves, and renewable resource integration into the energy system.
.6 Western Valley Transmission System – Phase II Study ............................................................ 57 14 7.7 Hydrogen Load Impact Studies .......................................................................................
AI summary The document outlines a 2024 10-Year System Outlook, including studies on transmission development, hydrogen load impacts, wind integration, and system inertia. It lists sections such as Western Valley Transmission Phase II, EMT studies for wind integration, and NSPI system inertia analysis, with the filing date of June 27, 2024.
1 LIST OF FIGURES 2 3 Figure 1: Net System Requirement with Future DSM Program Effects (actuals not weather adjusted) ...... 7 4 Figure 2: Coincident Peak Demand and Future DSM Program Effects .................................................
AI summary The document lists figures analyzing energy system planning, including demand-side management (DSM) impacts, generating capacity forecasts, energy mix trends, utilization factors, capital investments, transmission queues, and greenhouse gas emissions. Key themes involve capacity planning, DSM program effects, and emissions compliance.
6 Figure 14: RES Compliance Forecast ......................................................................................................... 35 17 Figure 15: Multi-year Greenhouse Gas Emission Limits ........................................
AI summary The document outlines a 2024 10-year system outlook, including figures on RES compliance, greenhouse gas emission limits, and emission intensity standards. It emphasizes long-term planning for load and resource management, renewable energy integration, and environmental compliance under Nova Scotia's regulatory framework.
Page 4 of 67 2024 10-Year System Outlook Non-Confidential 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION 2 3 NS Power is committed to supporting both provincial and federal targets to reach 80 percent clean 4 energy and phasing out coal generation by 2030. Great stri...
AI summary NS Power outlines its 10-Year System Outlook, aligning with provincial/federal clean energy targets (80% renewable by 2030) and the Clean Power Plan. The report assesses generation capacity, load forecasts, and regulatory compliance under Nova Scotia's electricity market rules.
1 • An updated list of Queued System Impact Studies in Section 4.0. 2 • A summary of environmental and emissions regulatory requirements, as well as forecast 3 compliance in Section 5.0. Section 5.0 also includes projections of the level o...
AI summary The document outlines updates to system impact studies, environmental compliance requirements, renewable energy projections, and transmission planning. It references NS Power's Evergreen IRP update, the Province's 2030 Clean Power Plan, and NS Power's The Path to 2030 report aligned with 2030 decarbonization goals, citing regulatory decisions M11017 and M11458.
Year NSR (GWh) Growth (%) 2017 10,873 0.6 2018 11,250 3.5 2019 11,077 -1.5 2020 10,723 -3.2 2021 10,902 1.7 2022 11,134 2.1 2023 11,131 0.0 2024F 11,490 3.2 2025F 11,409 -0.7 2026F 11,306 -0.9 2027F 11,347 0.4 2028F 11,416 0.6 2029F 11,448...
AI summary The document presents NSR (Net System Requirement) data from 2017 to 2034, showing fluctuating growth rates. NS Power forecasts peak demand using energy forecasts, weather models, and historical load factors, noting that customer growth, electrification, and EV adoption increase peaks, while DSM/DR activities reduce them. The 2022 Evergreen IRP's ELCC-adjusted DR contributions are included in firm peak calculations.
titutional (BNI) Curtailment, are included in the firm peak. 14 Customer growth, electrification of heating and increased EV sales increase the peak, while DSM 15 and DR activities reduce the peak. Compared to 2023, the near-term peak fore...
AI summary The near-term peak demand forecast is higher due to increased heating intensity from work-from-home activity and equipment usage, offset partially by DSM/DR initiatives. Customer growth, electrification of heating, and EV sales contribute to rising peak demand, while BNI curtailment and DSM/DR activities mitigate it.
2024 10-Year System Outlook Non-Confidential 1 3.0 GENERATION RESOURCES 2 3 3.1 Existing Generation Resources 4 5 NS Power’s generation portfolio is composed of a mix of fuel and technology types that include 6 coal, petroleum coke, light...
AI summary NS Power's generation portfolio includes coal, gas, hydro, biomass, and variable renewables like wind and solar, with IPPs and imported power supplementing supply. The RES policy has increased variable renewable output, but conventional resources still provide most firm capacity due to intermittency.
d additions over the 10-year period to this total capacity are shown in Figure 6 (Section 21 3.2.1). The firm generating capability for the wholesale market participants is set out in 22 Figure 4. 23 Figure 3: 2024 Firm Generating Capacity...
AI summary The document outlines the 2024 firm generating capacity for NS Power and Independent Power Producers (IPPs), detailing hydroelectric plants (Avon, Black River, Lequille System) with winter net capacities and noting Effective Load Carrying Capability (ELCC) values for renewable sources. Winter Net Capacity refers to maximum rated capacity during Nova Scotia's winter peak period, with further details in Section 6.3.
Capacity (MW) 4 3F Bear River System Hydro 35.5 Tusket Hydro 2.3 Mersey System 5 Hydro 34.9 St. Margaret’s Bay Hydro 10.3 Sheet Harbour Hydro 10.2 Dickie Brook Hydro 3.6 Wreck Cove Hydro 201.4 Annapolis Tidal 6 Hydro 0.0 Fall River Hydro 0...
AI summary The text lists various hydroelectric systems in Nova Scotia with their respective capacities, totaling 494.8 MW. The systems include Bear River, Tusket, Mersey System 5, and others, indicating the contribution of hydroelectric power to the region's energy generation.
a Scotia Block Hydro 145.4 Total Hydro 494.8 Tufts Cove Heavy Fuel Oil/Natural Gas 318 Trenton Coal/Pet Coke/Heavy Fuel Oil 304 Point Tupper Coal/Pet Coke/Heavy Fuel Oil 150 Lingan 7 6F Coal/Pet Coke/Heavy Fuel Oil 607 Coal/Pet Coke & Lime...
AI summary The text lists Nova Scotia power generation facilities with their fuel sources and capacities, including hydro (494.8 MW), steam (1,547 MW), combined cycle (144 MW), and combustion turbine (231 MW) plants, detailing specific sites like Tufts Cove, Trenton, and Point Tupper.
Victoria Junction Light Fuel Oil 66 Total Combustion Turbine 231 Pre-2001 Renewables Independent Power Producers (IPPs) 25.7 Post-2001Renewables (firm) IPPs 64.3 NS Power wind (firm) Wind 14.5 Community-Feed-in-Tariff (firm) 8 7F IPPs 29.6...
AI summary The document corrects the Mersey system's firm capacity alignment with an ELCC adjustment, notes Annapolis out of service, Lingan Unit 2 in cold reserve until 2027, and specifies 18% firm capacity from ERIS/NRIS wind projects, referencing sections 3.1.2, 3.2.3, 3.2.4, and 6.3.
Capacity (MW) 4 3F NS Power solar & Community Solar 0.1 solar (firm) Total IPPs & Renewables 134.2 Total Capacity (NS Power and IPPs) 2550.9 1 2 Figure 4: Firm Generating Capability for Wholesale Market Participants Winter Net Wholesale Ma...
AI summary The text outlines capacity figures for NS Power and IPPs, including 0.1 MW for solar and 134.2 MW for total renewables. Figure 4 details firm generating capability for wholesale market participants, highlighting fuel types and winter net capacity. The data emphasizes infrastructure and resource planning for energy generation.
Winter Net Wholesale Market Participant Fuel Type Capacity 9 8F (MW) Backup Top-Up (BUTU) 10 9F Wind [Ellershouse] 1110F 4.2 Total 4.2 3 4 3.1.1 Maximum Unit Capacity Rating Adjustments 5 6 As a member of the Maritimes Area of the Northeas...
AI summary NS Power complies with NERC MOD-025-2 standards for generator capacity verification, referencing a NSUARB decision (M09940) using 18% ELCC for wind. The Ellershouse wind farm (owned by AREA) is part of the BUTU tariff, which includes municipal loads in specific communities. NS Power updates capacities annually in its 10-Year System Outlook.
rt. 11 Ellershouse wind farm is owned by the Alternative Resource Energy Authority (AREA). 12 https://www.nerc.com/pa/Stand/Pages/Project2007-09-Generator-Verification.aspx DATE FILED: June 27, 2024 Page 12 of 67 2024 10-Year System Outloo...
AI summary The Ellershouse wind farm is owned by the Alternative Resource Energy Authority (AREA). The document also references a NERC generator verification page and introduces the '2024 10-Year System Outlook' section, which includes a subsection on Mersey Hydro.
Page 12 of 67 2024 10-Year System Outlook Non-Confidential 1 3.1.2 Mersey Hydro 2
AI summary The document references the '2024 10-Year System Outlook' section titled 'Mersey Hydro,' indicating a focus on hydroelectric resources within Nova Scotia's energy planning framework. The context suggests an analysis of Mersey Hydro's role in long-term system reliability and capacity planning.
3 The NS Power 2024 ACE Plan and Path to 2030 included sustaining capital investments in the 4 Mersey Hydro System (MHS) which will ensure safe and reliable water management throughout 5 the timeframe required to complete adequate prelimin...
AI summary NS Power's 2024 ACE Plan and Path to 2030 emphasizes sustaining investments in the Mersey Hydro System (MHS) regardless of redevelopment or decommissioning, citing economic benefits and contributions to renewable energy targets. The MHS provides 45.8 MW capacity and 220 GWh annually toward NS Power's goals, with updated reliability metrics reflecting its role in system planning.
Page 13 of 67 2024 10-Year System Outlook Non-Confidential 1 3.1.3 Wreck Cove Hydro 2 3 The Wreck Cove Hydro system is an important asset for NS Power, providing critical and 4 renewable generation for peak demand periods. With the ability...
AI summary The Wreck Cove Hydro system, NS Power's largest hydroelectric asset, is undergoing a Life Extension and Modernization (LEM) project to replace turbine runners, increasing annual generation by 5% to 315 GWh. However, Unit 2 will be unavailable for the 2024/2025 winter peak, returning ahead of the 2025/2026 period with 101 MW of firm capacity.
iding 101 MW of firm capacity. 18 This schedule is reflected in Figure 21 and further discussed in Section 6.4. 19 20 3.2 Changes in Capacity 21 22 3.2.1 Path to 2030 and Evergreen IRP 23 24 In October of 2023, the Province of Nova Scotia’...
AI summary Nova Scotia's 2030 Clean Power Plan aims to phase out coal and achieve 80% renewable generation by 2030, with NS Power submitting a report on implementation steps. The document also references a contingency and cost minimization report for Wreck Cove Life Extension and Modernization.
1 Province’s decarbonization goals. Resource additions and retirements out to 2030 are informed by 2 the details in these two documents. 3 4 For the purposes of the 2024 10-Year System Outlook Report, NS Power selected Evergreen IRP 5 scen...
AI summary NS Power is aligning its resource planning with the Province’s Clean Power Plan and The Path to 2030, using the Evergreen IRP scenario CE1-E1-R2 for the 2024 10-Year System Outlook Report. The scenario supports net-zero goals by 2035 and includes monitoring of emerging technologies such as hydrogen-fueled turbines and small modular reactors.
1 Figure 5: Firm Capacity Changes & DSM New Resources 2025-2034 Net MW DSM Peak reduction 241 Demand Response (Firm contribution) 15 14F 38 Total Demand Side MW Change Projected Over Planning Period 279 Maintenance/Repairs: Hydro derates d...
AI summary The document presents a summary of firm capacity changes and demand-side management (DSM) contributions from 2025 to 2034. It outlines reductions in peak demand through DSM initiatives, additions from new renewable energy sources, and maintenance/repair impacts, including the Wreck Cove LEM project.
Tupper 2 Coal-to-Gas conversion 150 Fast Acting Generation 600 Additions - Coal to HFO Operation (Lingan 1, 3 & 4 Conversions) 459 Retirements: Trenton 5 & 6 -304 Lingan 1, 3 & 4 (Coal Operation), Lingan 2 -607 Point Tupper (Coal Operation...
AI summary The text outlines anticipated changes in firm supply capacity, including coal-to-gas conversions, retirements of coal plants, and additions of new resources. It references demand response contributions, biomass transitions, and additional wind projects beyond current procurement programs.
S 17 Represents additional wind projects above and beyond the Rate Based Procurement Program or Green Choice Program from 2030-2034 in alignment with Evergreen IRP Scenario CE1-E1-R2. DATE FILED: June 27, 2024 Page 16 of 67 2024 10-Year Sy...
AI summary The document outlines additions and retirements in the 2024 10-Year System Outlook Resource Plan, including new wind and battery storage projects, with details on installed and firm capacities. These additions align with the Evergreen IRP Scenario CE1-E1-R2 and are part of NS Power's ongoing planning and adjustments.
stalled capacity 58.5 MW • Total RTR capacity 148.5 MW • New firm capacity 6 MW20 • Total RTR firm capacity: 15 MW Battery Storage – NS Power BESS • Installed capacity: 50 MW • Firm capacity: 23.7 MW Solar - NS Community Solar Program • In...
AI summary The document outlines stalled and new capacity additions and retirements for the 2024 10-Year System Outlook, including details on renewable energy installations, battery storage, and combustion turbine retirements.
MW • Lingan 2 (-148 MW) • Firm Capacity: 300 MW Battery Storage • Installed capacity 150 MW • Firm Capacity: 48.5 MW Solar - NS Community Solar Program • Installed capacity 25 MW • Firm capacity: 0 MW • Diversity capacity credit: 3 MW 2028...
AI summary The document outlines the installed and firm capacity of various energy generation and storage projects in Nova Scotia, including wind, solar, battery storage, and coal-to-gas conversions, with projections spanning from 2024 to 2032.
2024 Page 18 of 67 2024 10-Year System Outlook Non-Confidential Winter Additions Retirements • Installed capacity: 200 MW • Firm capacity: 12 MW20 2032/2033 Wind – Future Procurements • Installed capacity: 200 MW • Firm capacity: 12 MW20 2...
AI summary The document outlines the 2024 10-Year System Outlook, focusing on winter additions and retirements, with specific details on wind power procurements and capacity figures for the years 2032/2033 and 2033/2034.
MW • Firm capacity: 12 MW20 2033/2034 Wind – Future Procurements • Installed capacity: 200 MW • Firm capacity: 12 MW20 1 2 3.2.2 Brooklyn Power 3 4 Brooklyn Power owns a 24 MW firm dispatchable renewable energy biomass facility located in...
AI summary The document outlines the current status of various energy generation facilities, including Brooklyn Power's 24 MW biomass facility and Lingan Unit 2, which was placed in cold reserve in August 2022. Lingan Unit 2 was recalled multiple times during the 2023/2024 winter to support firm customer load. NS Power is maintaining existing thermal units in cold reserve to ensure planning reserve margin as new firm capacity resources are added to the system.
e purposes of 22 the 2024 10-Year System Outlook, NS Power has assumed no capacity or energy contribution 23 from the Annapolis Tidal Generating Station. 24 25 3.2.5 Rate Base Procurement 26 27 The Rate Base Procurement (RBP) program was i...
AI summary NS Power has assumed no capacity or energy contribution from the Annapolis Tidal Generating Station for the 2024 10-Year System Outlook. The Rate Base Procurement (RBP) program, initiated in 2021, aims to contract for 1100 GWh of low-impact renewable electricity.
Non-Confidential 1 6B(2)(b) of the Renewable Electricity Regulations 22 as part of meeting NS Power’s 2030 21F 2 Decarbonation Goals. 3 4 The RBP portfolio was announced on August 17, 2022 and subsequently updated on July 12, 2023 5 and Fe...
AI summary The RBP portfolio, part of NS Power's efforts to meet decarbonization goals, was initially announced in 2022 and has since been updated. One project withdrew, reducing the total capacity and energy from five to four projects. The withdrawn project's capacity will be added to the Green Choice procurement round, increasing its maximum capacity. The report also discusses unit utilization forecasts and the evolution of Nova Scotia's energy mix.
lation that could trigger a significant shift in the utilization 22 forecast to provide the most economic system dispatch for customers. 23 24 3.3.1 Evolution of the Energy Mix in Nova Scotia 25 NS Power’s energy production mix has undergo...
AI summary NS Power’s energy production mix has evolved significantly over the last 15 years with an increased reliance on variable renewable resources like wind. However, these resources provide less firm capacity than conventional generation, leading to continued reliance on conventional units for firm capacity and ancillary services.
tual energy mix from 2005 and 2023 5 and the updated forecast for 2025. 6 7 Figure 7: 2005, 2023 Actual and 2025 Forecast Energy Mix 8 9 10 3.3.2 Projections of Unit Utilization 11 NS Power’s projected utilization of each of the units in t...
AI summary This text provides an overview of NS Power's energy mix from 2005 to 2023 and the projected energy mix for 2025. It also includes projections of unit utilization for the thermal generating fleet, with specific details on the capacity factors and service cycles for various units, including the transition of Lingan units to HFO and the cold reserve status of Lingan unit 2.
rs 23 Lingan units 1, 3, 4 operate on HFO from 2030-2034 24 Lingan unit 2 will be held in cold reserve, recallable to service as needed until 2027. See Section 3.2.3. DATE FILED: June 27, 2024 Page 22 of 67 2024 10-Year System Outlook Non-...
AI summary The document outlines the operational status of Lingan units 1, 3, and 4, which will run on Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO) between 2030 and 2034, while Lingan unit 2 will remain in cold reserve until 2027. This information is part of the 2024 10-Year System Outlook, filed on June 27, 2024.
Service 5662 5571 5377 5930 6065 6522 5957 4812 4045 4868 Hours 1 2 3.3.3 Steam Fleet Utilization Outlook 3 Unit utilization and reliability objectives have long been the drivers for unit investment planning. 4 Traditionally, in a predomin...
AI summary The document discusses the evolution of unit utilization planning at NS Power, emphasizing the need to account for variable renewable energy integration. It introduces the utilization factor (UF) as a new metric to better reflect the operational demands and flexibility requirements of generating units, considering factors such as capacity factor, operating hours, and asset health.
2 3 The UF parameters are assessed to more completely describe the operational outlook for the steam 4 fleet and direct investment planning. The four parameters are described below. 5 6 • Capacity factor reflects the energy production cont...
AI summary The text discusses the importance of four parameters—capacity factor, service hours, unit cycling, and utilization factor—in assessing the operational outlook for the steam fleet and investment planning. It explains how these factors influence equipment reliability and maintenance strategies, particularly with the integration of variable-intermittent generation.
each unit by evaluating the components described above. Figure 10 12 below provides the UF by each unit on an annual basis. 13 14 Figure 10: Forecast Unit Utilization Factors 26 25F Unit 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 20...
AI summary The text provides a forecast of unit utilization factors (UF) for various power generation units from 2024 to 2034, showing changes in fuel use, such as the transition from coal to heavy fuel oil (HFO) and natural gas. It includes notes on the meaning of abbreviations like H, M, L, and UL, and specifies fuel transitions for certain units.
12 - T 597 07-May-21 Queens 36.00 36.00 50W Wind 30-Sep-25 GIA NRIS Executed 13 - T 647 06-Oct-21 Cumberland 1.50 1.50 37N Tidal 31-Dec-23 GIA in NRIS Progress 15 - D 654 16-Feb-22 Halifax 0.125 0.125 127H- Solar 20-Sep-22 GIA N/A 413 Exec...
AI summary The document presents a list of generation and storage projects, including their locations, capacities, technologies, completion dates, and associated agreements. These projects include wind, tidal, solar, and battery systems across various regions in Nova Scotia, with some projects in progress and others completed.
Complete 21 - T 668 03-Aug-22 Antigonish 94.40 94.40 L-7003 Wind 01-Apr-26 FAC NRIS Complete 22 - T 618 21-Jul-21 Guysboroug 130.20 130.20 L-7003 Wind 30-Sep-25 FAC NRIS h Complete 23 - T 673 09-Aug-22 Hants 33.60 33.60 L-6054 Wind 31-Dec-...
AI summary The text presents a list of energy generation and infrastructure projects, including wind and solar installations, along with associated details such as location, capacity, completion dates, and related terms like FAC, SIS, and NRIS.
Executed 29 - D 700 21-Apr-23 Cape 0.56 0.56 82S- Solar 30-Sep-23 SIS N/A Breton 303 Complete 31 - T 686 23-Jan-23 Cumberland 340.00 340.00 L-8001 Wind 01-Dec-25 SIS in NRIS Progress 32 - D 711 05-Jul-23 Halifax 0.48 0.48 139H- Solar 31-Oc...
AI summary The text presents a list of projects with details such as queue numbers, request dates, counties, megawatts, and service types, including solar and wind projects, along with their statuses and service dates. It is part of a 10-Year System Outlook document filed on June 27, 2024.
33 - D 712 05-Jul-23 Halifax 0.30 0.30 139H- Solar 31-Oct-23 SIS N/A 411 Complete 34 - T 739 20-Sep-23 Queens 90.00 90.00 L-6025 Wind 31-Dec-25 SIS in NRIS Progress 35 - T 742 13-Oct-23 Guysboroug 35.00 35.00 L-7003 Wind 01-Jan-25 SIS in N...
AI summary The text presents a list of projects with details such as project identifiers, locations, dates, capacities, and statuses. These projects are primarily related to solar and wind energy, with some involving interconnection agreements and system integration services.
Progress 42 - D 754 24-Jan-24 Yarmouth 0.33 0.33 88W- Solar 30-Apr-24 SIS in N/A 314 Progress 43 - D 757 12-Feb-24 Halifax 0.74 0.74 103H- Solar 01-Oct-24 SIS in N/A 431 Progress 44 - D 740 08-Sep-23 Hants 0.25 0.25 20V- Solar 01-Jan-25 SI...
AI summary The document outlines progress on System Impact Studies (SIS) and Fuel Adjustment Clause (FAC) for renewable energy projects, including solar and wind generation. These studies are being expanded to include Electromagnetic Transient (EMT) Analysis to address system reliability and stability concerns due to the increasing share of variable renewable energy resources.
Page 33 of 67 2024 10-Year System Outlook Non-Confidential 1 5.0 ENVIRONMENTAL AND EMISSIONS REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS 2 3 5.1 Renewable Electricity Requirements 4 5 On July 9, 2021 the Province of Nova Scotia amended the Renewable Electrici...
AI summary Nova Scotia amended its Renewable Electricity Regulations in 2021 to require 80% renewable energy sales by 2030, and in 2016 to allow COMFIT projects and remove the 'must-run' requirement for a biomass facility. NS Power has made progress toward these targets, but faced challenges in meeting the 40% standard from 2020-2022 due to issues with Muskrat Falls energy delivery.
enewable energy sources. 23 24 The near-term RES Compliance Forecast in Figure 14 illustrates the full amount of RES-eligible 25 energy forecast to be available to the Company for 2025-2027. 26 32 Renewable Electricity Regulations, made un...
AI summary The text discusses the Renewable Electricity Regulations under the Electricity Act and provides a RES Compliance Forecast for 2025-2027, outlining energy requirements and RES percentages.
Page 41 of 67 2024 10-Year System Outlook Non-Confidential 1 • NS Power’s modeling demonstrates that operating its emitting fleet in a peaking capacity 2 (with low annual capacity factors) supports system reliability while still reducing o...
AI summary NS Power's modeling shows that operating its emitting fleet as a peaking resource supports system reliability and reduces emissions. ECCC updated the CER on February 16, 2024, reflecting stakeholder feedback and proposed changes.
4, ECCC provided an update to stakeholders reflecting the feedback received 6 and proposed changes to the CER, 44 which indicated the following: 43F 7 • The proposed changes acknowledged the importance of emitting generation in supporting...
AI summary The text discusses proposed changes to the Carbon Emission Regulations (CER) by ECCC, emphasizing the integration of variable renewable energy and the inclusion of emissions caps, performance standards, and emergency provisions. NS Power will engage with ECCC during the formal stakeholder period and assess the CER's impact on its long-term strategy and IRP Action Plan.
1 6.3 Capacity Contribution of Renewable Resources in Nova Scotia 2 3 Due to their variability, renewable energy resources such as wind and solar are not always available 4 to contribute during peak demand hours. The Effective Load Carryin...
AI summary The document discusses the capacity contribution of renewable resources in Nova Scotia, focusing on the Effective Load Carrying Capability (ELCC) of wind and solar energy. The NSUARB directed NS Power to conduct a Capacity Study to calculate ELCC values for existing and potential new wind resources, with results showing a declining marginal ELCC as more wind is added to the system.
Winter Annual Wind Cumulative Marginal ELCC % Firm Capacity Period Capacity Added Capacity of Wind Applied to New Wind Contribution from (MW) (MW) Capacity New Wind (MW) 2025/2026 90 701 10% 9 2026/2027 534 1235 10% 53.4 2007/2028 0 1235 2...
AI summary The document discusses the marginal ELCC contributions of wind capacity additions over several years and notes the application of different ELCC percentages. It also mentions the ELCC for hydro sites, specifically the Mersey Hydro system, and highlights the limited ELCC for solar due to poor correlation with peak load hours. A letter from the NSUARB to NS Power discusses the importance of battery energy storage ELCC profiles in modeling.
ling. This needs to be carefully re- 13 examined in conjunction with an updated portfolio ELCC analysis, which considers 14 the interactive effect of all four clean resources (i.e., wind, solar PV, battery energy 15 storage, and demand res...
AI summary The document discusses the need for an updated portfolio ELCC analysis considering the interactive effects of clean resources like wind, solar PV, battery energy storage, and demand response during winter peak periods. The Board supports further study to evaluate the incremental diversity benefits from increased interaction among renewable resources.
1 NS Power supports updating the capacity study prior to the next IRP analysis, with the focus of 2 the update being an examination of the interactive effect of the identified clean resources (wind, 3 solar, battery energy storage, and dem...
AI summary NS Power supports updating the capacity study prior to the next Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) analysis, focusing on the interactive effects of clean resources. Municipal load in certain areas is served by a wind farm not included in NS Power’s sourced wind generation. Due to increased firm peak demand and delays in the Wreck Cove LEM Project, NS Power will not meet the 20% PRM target for the 2024/2025 Winter period and will implement strategies like keeping Lingan 2 in cold reserve.
2,71 2,720 2,718 2,739 2,767 2,833 2,876 2,925 2,982 3,051 C Required Capacity (A + B) 1 Existing Resources (NS Power 2,55 2,551 2,551 2,551 2,551 2,551 2,551 2,551 2,551 2,551 D and IPPs) 1 Existing Resources 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 (Wholesal...
AI summary The text presents a table outlining required capacity, existing resources, and various resource additions including biomass, hydro, tidal, and wind energy. It also includes procurement details for new wind and gas conversion projects.
g the integration of additional variable 27 renewable generation on the Nova Scotia system. The Reliability Tie is not anticipated to provide 28 incremental access to firm capacity or energy. 29 DATE FILED: June 27, 2024 Page 56 of 67 2024...
AI summary NS Power is developing the Reliability Tie with NB Power, targeting a 2028 in-service date, to support increased integration of variable renewable generation. This aligns with the 2020 IRP and the 2023 Evergreen IRP update. The Western Valley Transmission System – Phase II Study is underway to address transmission line capacity, clearance, and age issues over a 15-year planning horizon.
1 A fifth and sixth option were subsequently added in 2021 and 2022 respectively to assess 2 bypassing the existing 69 kV infrastructure with either a single 138 kV circuit, or 138 kV double 3 circuit construction. 4 5 • Option #5 ‐ Bypass...
AI summary The document discusses the addition of two new infrastructure options in 2021 and 2022 for bypassing existing 69 kV lines with 138 kV circuits, as well as the expansion of a study to include electrification impacts. The study was paused due to other procurement studies but is expected to resume in Q4 2024. Additionally, hydrogen facilities are following interconnection procedures for connecting to the Nova Scotia transmission system, with significant renewable generation requests.
d customers 27 have also submitted generation interconnection requests for transmission system connections of 28 1024 MW of renewable generation (wind) with future requests anticipated to exceed 700MW 29 including potential behind the mete...
AI summary The document mentions that customers have submitted generation interconnection requests for 1024 MW of renewable generation (wind), with future requests expected to exceed 700 MW, including potential behind-the-meter connections for wind, solar, and BESS.
1 NS Power is conducting Load Impact Studies and System Impact Studies for these projects based 2 on the assumption that the operation of the hydrogen/ammonia plants will be scheduled by the 3 customer based on scheduled generation output...
AI summary Nova Scotia Power is conducting load and system impact studies for hydrogen/ammonia projects, assuming customer-scheduled operations. They also completed a study on integrating inverter-based resources like wind, identifying technical challenges and the need for grid support as legacy plants are phased out. Recommendations include model requirements and grid studies for new IBRs.
Nova Scotia Power grid to identify transitory conditions or operational 27 challenges. Confirmed in-service changes to the system, thermal unit retirements, and 28 updated load forecast will be considered. As part of these studies, all sys...
AI summary The document discusses the need to identify transitory conditions and operational challenges on the Nova Scotia Power grid, including changes to the system, thermal unit retirements, and updated load forecasts. These studies will review system operating guidelines and assess the need for additional system support to accommodate new Inverter-Based Resources (IBRs).
1 7.9 NSPI System Inertia and Strength 2 3 Conventional synchronous machine-based power generation supplies both active power and 4 reactive power, resulting in a high Short Circuit MVA (SCMVA) levels in most areas. SCMVA is 5 the ability...
AI summary The chunk discusses the impact of renewable inverter-based generation on system inertia and frequency stability. It explains that conventional synchronous machines provide inertia and frequency support, which is lacking in inverter-based resources like wind and solar. This may lead to frequency fluctuations and potential instability if not properly managed.
system stability will be maintained. Based on the PSS®E study to 28 date, there are concerns for the ability of the existing and future generation fleet to ride through 29 high RoCoF events. 30 DATE FILED: June 27, 2024 Page 60 of 67 2024...
AI summary The document discusses concerns regarding system stability and RoCoF (Rate of Change of Frequency) under high event conditions, and the impact of IBR (Inverter-Based Resources) on system strength and SCMVA (Short Circuit MVA) requirements. It mentions the use of EMT simulations and the potential need for additional equipment to maintain grid stability.
24 Page 66 of 67 2024 10-Year System Outlook Non-Confidential 1 9.0 CONCLUSION 2 3 Customers count on NS Power for energy to power every moment of every day, and for solutions 4 to power a sustainable tomorrow. Environmental legislation an...
AI summary The 2024 10-Year System Outlook highlights NS Power's commitment to sustainable energy solutions in response to environmental legislation and policy initiatives. It outlines the planning basis, including the Province’s Clean Power Plan, NS Power’s The Path to 2030, and the Evergreen IRP scenario CE1-E1-R2.
N-3NSPI (NSUARB) RIR-1 - RIR-18
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e amount of the year that at least 29 one pole is available for power transmission. Monopole availability provides sufficient 30 capacity for the transmission of the full NS Block. Date Filed: September 19, 2024 NSPI (NSUARB) IR-3 Page 1 o...
AI summary The document discusses monopole availability percentages for power transmission infrastructure, referencing Newfoundland and Labrador Hydro's (NLH) Resource Adequacy Plan and the Labrador-Island Link (LIL) reliability metrics. It highlights a 2.34% Equivalent Forced Outage Rate (EqFOR) for LIL and includes performance data for Muskrat Falls generating stations.
Coal/Pet Coke & Point Aconi Limestone Sorbent 168 168 (CFB) PH Biomass 0 0 Total Steam 1547 1547 Tufts Cove Units 4,5 & 6 Natural Gas 144 144 Total Combined Cycle 144 144 Burnside1 Light Fuel Oil 132 132 Tusket1 Light Fuel Oil 33 33 Victor...
AI summary The table outlines electricity generation capacity by source in Nova Scotia, showing coal, biomass, natural gas, fuel oil, and renewable energy contributions. It highlights significant growth in renewable energy and Independent Power Producer (IPP) capacity between 2001 and the current period, with total capacity increasing from 2,550.9 to 3,069.1.
134.2 620.5 Renewables Total Capacity (NS 2550.9 3069.1 Power and IPPs) 1 2 Date Filed: September 19, 2024 NSPI (NSUARB) IR-6 Page 2 of 3 2024 10-Year System Outlook Report (NSUARB M11764) NSPI Responses to NSUARB Information Requests NON-...
AI summary The document provides data on renewable energy capacity from BackupTop-Up (BUTU) and Ellershouse, including winter net capacity (4.2 MW) and nameplate capacity (24.0 MW) for wind energy. It is part of NSPI's response to NSUARB information requests regarding the 2024 10-Year System Outlook Report (M11764).
the awarded portfolio size took 16 into account the potential for project attrition. 1 As such the RBP remains on track to achieve the 0F 17 target energy volumes. 18 19 The Green Choice Program RFP, administered by COHO Climate Advisors (...
AI summary The Rate Base Procurement (RBP) and Green Choice Program (GCP) RFPs both account for project attrition, with RBP targeting 1,650–2,000 GWh of renewable energy. The GCP RFP allows flexibility in portfolio size, considering a 10% attrition rate and potential project size variability. Installed capacity calculations for wind farms are provided based on energy targets.
fault current required to maintain the wind facility Short Circuit Mega Volt Ampere 31 (SCMVA) levels above the expected minimum required to meet Short Circuit Ratio (SCR) ride 32 through requirement for the plant under study. Date Filed:...
AI summary The text discusses the fault current requirements for a wind facility, specifically the Short Circuit Mega Volt Ampere (SCMVA) levels needed to meet the Short Circuit Ratio (SCR) ride-through requirements for the plant under study. This information is part of NSPI's responses to NSUARB information requests regarding the 2024 10-Year System Outlook Report.
2024 10-Year System Outlook Report (NSUARB M11764) NSPI Responses to NSUARB Information Requests NON-CONFIDENTIAL 1 As posted on NS Open Access Same-time Information System (OASIS), TSIR Section 7.6.7 2 requirement to provide 3 MWs per ins...
AI summary NSPI is responding to NSUARB information requests regarding the 2024 10-Year System Outlook Report. The response discusses updates to inertia requirements for interconnection projects, particularly for facilities in weak grid areas or near existing IBR facilities. Large-scale system studies are ongoing to determine the scope and procurement process for inertial response facilities needed to support high integration of wind and IBR.
sibility or liability for the consequences of this document being used or relied upon by such Third Party. Any Third Party will, by such use or reliance, be taken to have confirmed its agreement to: (a) Indemnify MHI, its affiliates, and a...
AI summary Nova Scotia is transitioning to a cleaner energy future, aiming for 80% renewable energy by 2030. This shift will increase reliance on inverter-based generation, which poses technical challenges requiring careful planning and mitigation to ensure system reliability.
significant technical challenges that can be identified through careful planning and detailed studies, and mitigation measures implemented to ensure safe and reliable operation of the electric system. The system studies scope to understand...
AI summary The document outlines technical challenges in integrating 80% renewables into Nova Scotia's grid, emphasizing the need for EMT studies and mitigation measures. Key findings indicate that NSPI can incorporate renewables but will require grid support as legacy plants are phased out. Concerns are raised about the system's ability to handle high RoCoF events, potentially leading to cascade tripping.
lead to cascade tripping for loss of the NS/NB tieline under high import conditions. It should be noted that when NSPI stays connected to the Eastern interconnection the RoCoF will be low. • Survey NSPI existing legacy generation plants an...
AI summary The text discusses concerns related to frequency control and system strength, particularly focusing on the risk of cascade tripping under high import conditions. It highlights the need to assess NSPI's legacy generation plants and DER for RoCoF ride through capabilities, and recommends updates to interconnection requirements and grid code compliance.
t the current grid code to avoid unnecessary operating restrictions. The performance of many of these facilities in a high IBR grid is well below that expected of newly connected facilities. • Perform incremental studies for each wave of l...
AI summary The text discusses the need for updated grid studies and resource planning to accommodate high IBR (Inverter Based Resources) penetration in the NSPI grid. It highlights the limitations of current planning metrics and recommends a sliding scale for inertia and system load, as well as the continued need for inertia in long-term planning.
erm and day ahead planning to maintain the SCMVA required for stable operation. The metric for the bullet above should capture the requirement for inertia with two 345kV tielines in service. • Until technology evolves such that all online...
AI summary The document discusses the need to maintain System Strength and Inertia in Nova Scotia's grid as renewable energy integration increases, emphasizing the importance of planning practices such as annual assessments of system inertia and strength, and the inclusion of factors like forced outages and maintenance in resource planning.
ge Ride-Through Time Duration Curve .................................... 29 Figure 6: Maritime Link Frequency Response ............................................................................ 41 ix 2024 10-Year System Outlook Report NS...
AI summary This document outlines planning criteria and recommendations for integrating large-scale Inverter Based Resources (IBRs), such as wind generation and grid-scale battery projects, into the power system. It highlights the increasing penetration of renewable energy and the technical challenges that must be addressed through careful planning and mitigation measures.
ficant technical challenges that can be identified through careful planning and detailed studies, and mitigation measures implemented to ensure safe and secure operation of the overall system. Large-scale penetration of renewable inverter-...
AI summary The document discusses technical challenges associated with the integration of large-scale renewable inverter-based generation into the power system, including reduced system inertia, lower short circuit levels, and potential impacts on system stability and security. Frequency control is highlighted as a critical aspect of maintaining system stability.
4 2024 10-Year System Outlook Report NSUARB IR-15 Attachment 1 Page 14 of 60 Frequency Control and System Strength Assessment The design of PE interfaced devices under low inertia and low SCR is technically challenging. To overcome these t...
AI summary The document discusses technical challenges related to frequency control and system strength in power systems with low inertia and low short circuit ratio (SCR). It highlights concerns such as reduced system stability, voltage control, fault ride-through capabilities, and control interactions, based on expert analysis and literature review.
es in close proximity, leading to unstable or poorly damped oscillations. • Impact from torsional oscillations, sub synchronous Interactions (SSTI), on thermal generator shafts. There has been much study and industry discussion on how to m...
AI summary The document discusses challenges related to frequency control and system strength in power systems with high penetration of renewables and power electronics. It highlights the need for careful planning and specialized studies, such as electromagnetic transient simulations, to address low short circuit ratios (SCR) and sub-synchronous interactions (SSTI) caused by the phasing out of thermal plants and the integration of renewable energy sources.
ystem Strength Assessment This is specifically the case for: • Weak in-feed (interconnection) points resulting in low SCR. NSPI has weak AC connections to the Eastern Interconnection. • Multiple dynamic devices in the local area: NS is pla...
AI summary The document discusses system strength and frequency control challenges for Nova Scotia Power Inc. (NSPI) as it integrates large-scale renewables. Key issues include weak in-feed points, low short circuit ratio (SCR), and N-1 contingencies that may affect voltage stability. The scope includes assessing inertia requirements, system simulations, and mitigation strategies for frequency and system strength.
m vulnerable following system disturbances such as transmission system faults. For NSPI, system inertia and FFR from IBR is important from the point of view of two technical requirements: 1. System frequency response determines the system...
AI summary The document discusses the importance of system inertia and fast frequency response (FFR) from inverter-based resources (IBR) for maintaining grid stability and managing frequency excursions in Nova Scotia's future grid with increased renewable generation. It highlights the need to understand these requirements for system reliability and customer service.
8 2024 10-Year System Outlook Report NSUARB IR-15 Attachment 1 Page 18 of 60 Frequency Control and System Strength Assessment For NSPI system design RoCoF, multiple scenarios for today’s system dispatch and configuration are assessed to de...
AI summary The document discusses frequency control and system strength for the NSPI system, noting the highest RoCoF documented and recommending further studies on RoCoF to determine maximum allowable values. It also highlights the impact of system inertia on IBR plants during LVRT and the need for some SIR to maintain performance with large-scale IBR.
pid voltage phase shifts. Until IBR technology is further advanced, some SIR will be required to maintain acceptable performance for an NSPI generation mix that includes large scale IBR. As mentioned previously, converter-based IBR generat...
AI summary The document discusses the challenges of maintaining system inertia and frequency response with the increasing use of inverter-based renewable generation (IBR) in Nova Scotia Power's (NSPI) generation mix. It outlines various methods to achieve inertial support, including synchronous generation, HVDC interconnectors, and fast frequency response from IBR plants and energy storage.
lanning perspective with large scale penetration of IBR based generation, two technical items are to be considered. 1. Lower fault current levels impact on existing protection system performance: To address this concern, modern grid codes...
AI summary The text discusses two technical considerations related to the integration of Inverter-Based Resources (IBR) into the grid. First, it addresses how lower fault current levels from IBR may impact protection system performance and the need for reactive current injection during low voltage conditions. Second, it highlights the importance of maintaining sufficient Short Circuit Ratio (SCR) levels at IBR connection points to ensure system stability.
ts and ultimately, the stability of the overall system. High SCR is an indication of the presence of synchronous machines in the local area and/or a strong, meshed transmission system. SCR, including Effective SCR and Weighted SCR, has bee...
AI summary The document discusses the importance of Short Circuit Ratio (SCR) in assessing grid stability and system strength when integrating new inverter-based resources (IBR) into the grid. MHI recommends conducting full grid studies and annual assessments to ensure frequency control and system strength requirements are met as renewable penetration increases.
ies compensated transmission lines in the local area. • Specific technology (vendor specific) and specific protection and control settings of the PE inverters and other plant equipment. • The MW rating or the MW output of the PE based plan...
AI summary The document discusses the impact of inverter-based plants on system strength and frequency control, emphasizing the importance of considering reactive power capacity and dynamic response under weak grid conditions. It highlights the need for detailed studies and the relationship between inertia constraints and system strength analysis.
ew transmission load and generation connections, full study in PSS®E and PSCADTM is undertaken to identify any SCL conditions that may cause tripping or control interactions. 2.3 Iterative Assessment The initial assessment and metrics used...
AI summary The document discusses the iterative assessment of transmission load and generation connections, highlighting concerns about low SCMVA levels in certain areas of Nova Scotia, particularly when small hydro units are offline. This can lead to control interactions and reduced reliability, with recommendations to maintain or improve grid conditions.
ould cause a drop in reliability for customers. MHI recommends maintaining, and where possible improving the grid conditions to enable generation and customer load to ride-through system disturbances. As an example, with results of the fir...
AI summary The text discusses the impact of replacing traditional generation with IBR on grid reliability, highlighting the need for grid improvements to maintain system stability. It notes that while IBR can provide frequency support, System Strength support is still under development and not commercially viable in many cases.
Biomass and hydro online / 8 Winter Peak 4 existing wind plus 550 new wind, 190 BESS TUP, TR6 & TUC2. Biomass and hydro online / 9 Winter Peak 3 existing wind plus 701MW new wind, 192 BESS TUP, TR6 & ML, Biomass online / existing wind plus...
AI summary The 2024 10-Year System Outlook Report discusses frequency control and system strength assessment for the NSUARB IR-15. The dispatch for the case was load dependent, with light load scenarios using 6 variations to simulate inertia and frequency response under 100% renewable energy conditions.
ro resources are offline. Variations of FFR and inertia were simulated with the goal of taking inertia as low as possible while providing for well damped and stable frequency response. • The cases for winter peak are more complex. Small hy...
AI summary The document discusses simulations of frequency response and inertia variations, the complexity of winter peak cases requiring small hydro and thermal resources for stability, and the potential use of wind and BESS to reduce reliance on thermal units. Load flow and dynamic assessments were conducted for the loss of the NB tieline with high NS imports.
he load, while reducing the thermal units, new wind and BESS was added to the simulation cases. Load Flow and Dynamic assessment was performed for the loss of NB tieline with high NS imports. Case 5, with a low amount of inertia online, di...
AI summary The analysis discusses system reliability under varying thermal unit configurations and the impact of renewable energy and battery storage. Winter peak load cases showed voltage issues as thermal units decreased, and RoCoF exceeded 4 Hz/s in some scenarios. The Maritime Link with FFR can reduce inertia requirements, and future grid planning considers FFR from IBRs to support frequency control.
2024 10-Year System Outlook Report NSUARB IR-15 Attachment 1 Page 26 of 60 Frequency Control and System Strength Assessment Table 2: Minimum Inertia and FFR Required for Frequency Control Total Case Dispatch Inertia Dispatch Notes (MW s) 5...
AI summary The document discusses the frequency control and system strength assessment for the 2024 10-Year System Outlook Report, focusing on inertia and Fast Frequency Response (FFR) requirements under various dispatch scenarios, including light and peak load conditions with maximum renewable energy integration.
901 MW new wind, 182 MW BESS Winter peak load has the highest inertia requirement for stable frequency response. The case dispatches for the peak load, with maximum renewables: • System load 2145 MW (2030 peak as forecast in 2020), includi...
AI summary The document discusses the impact of renewable energy and battery storage on frequency response and RoCoF in Nova Scotia's power system. It highlights the need for FFR as synchronous generation declines and renewable generation increases, referencing NERC's whitepaper on FFR and bulk power system reliability.
4 10-Year System Outlook Report NSUARB IR-15 Attachment 1 Page 31 of 60 Frequency Control and System Strength Assessment 4.3 Minimum SCR for Existing Wind Plants For existing facilities, the minimum SCR documented in the Interconnection Re...
AI summary The document discusses the minimum Short Circuit Ratio (SCR) for existing wind plants and system support requirements as the grid transitions to high renewables. It outlines the addition of reactor and capacitor banks to maintain post-contingency voltage within required ranges.
rios (load dispatch conditions, generation online, etc.) are implemented in the PSS®E case and the corresponding network conditions transferred to the PSCADTM cases using python based scripts. The general EMT study procedure is quite simil...
AI summary The text discusses the use of PSS®E and PSCADTM for simulating electromagnetic transients (EMT) and RMS dynamic simulations in power systems. It outlines the procedure for identifying critical contingencies based on screening studies and highlights illustrative results showing voltage waveforms and unstable oscillations at points of interconnection (POI) involving inverter-based resources (IBR).
ak grid conditions. • Tripping of the plant will reduce voltage control capacity in the weak local area (where synchronous machines that can provide support are already limited or nonexistent). • Tripping of the plant will reduce power tra...
AI summary The text discusses the potential impacts of tripping power plants on voltage control and system stability, as well as the risks of control interactions (CI) from dynamic devices such as windfarms and HVDC systems. These issues are particularly significant in weak grid areas and can lead to instability if not properly managed.
acting exciters and PSS. • Interactions between windfarms. • Interactions between HVDC ties (Ex: Nemo & Nautilus in Europe) and windfarms. • Interaction with the rest of the AC power system. ERCOT has dealt with sub synchronous interaction...
AI summary The text discusses challenges in frequency control and system strength assessment, including sub-synchronous resonance (SSR) and synthetic inertia resource (SIR) interactions. It highlights difficulties in detecting SSR/SSCI events, the need for detailed EMT simulations, and the complexity of controller tuning. Mitigation strategies are vendor-specific and require collaboration.
ges are harder to design, and if not done judiciously, may impact robustness under normal operation. • Mitigation is vendor specific, and their participation is required in most situations. The Maritime Link HVDC, with newer VSC technology...
AI summary The document discusses challenges related to the integration of Inverter-Based Resources (IBRs) and Power Electronics (PE) into the grid, particularly concerning Sub-Synchronous Control Interactions (SSCI) and Sub-Synchronous Torsional Interactions. These interactions can lead to instability and require detailed studies to ensure compatibility with existing generation plants and control systems.
t condition. This condition can be avoided through careful consideration at the system planning stage or by adopting necessary system operating practices. 5.4.5 IBR Low Frequency Oscillations According to field results and detailed simulat...
AI summary The document discusses the potential for low-frequency oscillations caused by inverter-based resources (IBRs) in weak network areas, typically between 8 Hz and 12 Hz. These oscillations, though small in magnitude, are of concern due to visible flicker. The document references findings from Australia and CIGRE papers, emphasizing the need for NSPI to explore and model solutions such as SVC and STATCOM to address system strength issues.
rators may not be able to comply with the RoCoF ride-through requirements expressed in grid codes and that failure to ride-through could further exacerbate a RoCoF event. • ENTSO-E review of global experience with high RoCoF events suggest...
AI summary The text discusses concerns related to RoCoF (Rate of Change of Frequency) events, particularly the potential inability of generators and DER (Distributed Energy Resources) to comply with RoCoF ride-through requirements. It also highlights the need for a better understanding of RoCoF capabilities and the importance of grid interconnections to mitigate cascading events.
ted from the large manufacturing plants in Nova Scotia and plant models are under development to assess any adverse impact to the ability to start large motors via EMT study. 5.4.8 Transformer Inrush NERC technical report: “Integrating Inv...
AI summary The document discusses potential adverse impacts of large motor startups and transformer inrush currents on the Nova Scotia grid, particularly in weak grid areas. It highlights concerns about voltage dips and their effects on nearby plants, and outlines mitigation options for integrating renewable energy sources and IBR sites.
Nova Scotia grid. Some technologies are mainstream and well understood, some are emerging technologies and it remains to be seen how effective they will be. 6.1 IBR Control System Design Fault ride-through, control interactions, RoCoF cont...
AI summary The text discusses the integration of emerging technologies into the Nova Scotia grid, focusing on IBR control system design, fault ride-through, and the potential of wind energy converters to provide mechanical inertia. It also touches on grid following and grid forming inverters.
on all new WECs to provide a frequency support contribution to the NSPI grid and that can include mechanical inertia from the turbine. 6.1.2 Grid Following and Grid Forming Inverters Typically, IBRs have been grid following – taking a refe...
AI summary The text discusses the need for frequency support from new WECs and addresses the challenges posed by the increasing number of grid-following inverters (IBRs) in Nova Scotia's power system. It highlights the potential for reduced system strength and the risks of cascading events if IBRs cannot maintain synchronism on a weak grid. Research into grid-forming inverters and virtual synchronous machine emulation is being explored to address these challenges.
ally in addition to staying online. This approach would have an IBR to operate in “grid forming” mode or with novel control concepts such as “virtual synchronous machine emulation”. 35 2024 10-Year System Outlook Report NSUARB IR-15 Attach...
AI summary The document discusses the potential of grid-forming inverters (IBRs) to stabilize the power system by emulating traditional synchronous machines. It highlights research and real-world examples, such as the Australian National Energy Market, that support the use of grid-forming inverters in high-renewables grids to ensure system strength and stability.
rators online, they have identified grid forming inverters as having the potential to support System Strength over and above what is needed to facilitate their own connection to the grid [19]. • The Dalrymple Battery Energy Storage System,...
AI summary Grid forming inverters, such as those used in the Dalrymple Battery Energy Storage System in South Australia, can enhance system strength and provide reliability services, enabling higher levels of renewable energy integration. These inverters replicate the behavior of synchronous machines and offer services like fast power injection and seamless islanding.
istribution network [21, 22]. The addition of frequency control, System Strength and high fault current from the grid forming BESS can allow higher levels of renewables to connect and operate. • The Maritime Link (ML), a VSC HVDC link betw...
AI summary The document discusses the role of frequency control and system strength in the distribution network, highlighting the benefits of grid-forming battery energy storage systems (BESS) in supporting higher levels of renewable integration. It also describes the Maritime Link (ML), a VSC HVDC link between Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, which provides frequency support and system stability during contingency events.
tation looks to provide better SCMVA support than brushless excitation. EMT models have been requested from vendors and assessment of the potential value to better support System Strength is underway. In addition to System Strength support...
AI summary The document discusses the importance of synchronous condensers and other system strength support measures, such as FACTS devices and transmission connections, in maintaining grid stability and frequency control as the penetration of inverter-based resources increases. EMT models are being assessed for their potential value in system strength support.
on lines help support the grid, additional transmission connections in this area may resolve many of these issues and allow for additional wind projects in this area. 6.7 Operating Guidelines It is important to consider credible operating...
AI summary The document discusses potential grid strengthening measures, including additional transmission connections and wind curtailment during outlier conditions to manage costs. It also highlights the importance of credible operating conditions and mentions the initial findings and recommendations from a frequency control and system strength assessment, with an updated report pending.
. • First Stage Studies assessment of inertia (including RoCoF) and SCMVA based on PSS®E studies, considering the present system and the 2030 projected system. 7.1 Findings NSPI can incorporate renewables, in particular IBR resources, limi...
AI summary The document discusses the integration of Inverter-Based Resources (IBRs) into the grid for frequency and system strength support, noting that while IBRs were previously not considered effective for this purpose, new control strategies have changed this. NSPI can incorporate renewables, but technical challenges and the need for grid support are highlighted as significant considerations.
for the same support when available. Together these IBR will provide FFR and be able to change output quickly to meet the tie schedule during periods of high volatility of wind energy. IBRs can also provide grid support during voltage excu...
AI summary The document discusses how Inverter-Based Resources (IBRs) can provide Frequency Response Reserve (FFR) and support the grid during voltage fluctuations. IBRs can inject or absorb current to maintain fault current levels, contributing to short-circuit MVA, but their contribution should be excluded when assessing system strength for interconnection screening.
t consider the contribution of IBRs in the overall calculation of the SCMVA. 7.1.2 Minimum System Inertia and FFR The PSC study [23] performed for NSPI in 2019 documented the following: • A minimum of 3266 MW.sec of synchronous inertia wil...
AI summary The document discusses the contribution of Inverter-Based Resources (IBRs) to system inertia and Frequency Response Reserve (FFR), referencing a 2019 PSC study for NSPI. It notes that synchronous inertia requirements may vary based on system configuration and that NSPI will use RoCoF limits to manage inertia, though the metric's suitability for grids with high IBR penetration needs review.
r 2.5 Hz/s on a 500ms sample time for its most severe contingency. That said, this metric should be reviewed to determine if it is suited for a grid with IBR as a high percentage of online generation. There are many sources of inertia and...
AI summary The document discusses frequency control and system strength in Nova Scotia's grid, highlighting the role of the Maritime Link (ML) in providing Frequency Response Reserve (FFR) and arresting Rate of Change of Frequency (RoCoF). It notes that the ML's FFR can perform similarly to large synchronous machines and suggests additional Voltage Source Converter HVDC sources could enhance frequency support.
control in line with the original PSC study. Depending on the location of the frequency support, additional SIR may be required online at specific locations to maintain SCMVA. 7.1.3 EMT Model Quality IBR control systems and operating modes...
AI summary The text discusses the need for high-quality EMT models to understand and evaluate the impact of IBR control systems on grid stability, especially as renewable energy penetration increases. It highlights the importance of robust models for developing project specifications and the potential need for updated guidelines and real-time data as grid conditions evolve.
• Transformation Inrush issues may arise as noted in Section 5.4.8 and will be evaluated on a case-by-case basis as new plants and equipment are connected to the grid. 7.2 Recommendations The following recommendations are advised to enable...
AI summary The document discusses concerns regarding the integration of Inverter-Based Resources (IBR) in Nova Scotia's grid, particularly focusing on the need for stable and reliable integration. It highlights the risks of high Rate of Change of Frequency (RoCoF) events and recommends verifying network response through EMT simulations, reviewing existing generation plants, and updating transmission system interconnection requirements.
acceptable to NSPI. • Regularly review and recommend updates to the Transmission System Interconnection Requirements to address concerns identified during system study (RoCoF, models, 43 2024 10-Year System Outlook Report NSUARB IR-15 Atta...
AI summary The document discusses updates to interconnection requirements for transmission and distribution systems, including addressing RoCoF, harmonics, voltage, BESS, solar, and grid forming requirements for IBR. MHI has recommended changes to the Transmission System Interconnection Requirements. It also highlights the need for inertia support and upgrades for wind facilities as existing PPAs terminate.
ent and to support the addition of additional IBR facilities. The performance of many of these existing facilities in a high IBR grid is well below that expected of newly connected facilities. • Perform incremental studies for each wave of...
AI summary The text discusses the need for incremental grid studies as IBR facilities are added to the NSPI grid, highlighting the limitations of current planning metrics and the need for updated system operating guidelines. It also recommends optimal placement of grid support mechanisms as synchronous plants are retired and suggests updating IBR and inertia constraints for modelling.
endations to facilitate current and future economic generation dispatch for increased renewables on the timelines in place for Nova Scotia: • Update IBR and inertia constraints for Plexos modelling. • Adequate frequency response is highly...
AI summary The document discusses the need to update inertia and frequency response constraints in Nova Scotia's grid planning to accommodate increased renewable energy. It emphasizes the importance of frequency response reserves (FFR) and synthetic inertia resources (SIR) as alternatives to traditional inertia, and highlights the need for a sliding scale for inertia/FFR based on system load. It also mentions the ongoing requirement for system strength metrics in resource planning.
line. At the present time, studies indicate that there is no hard limit on IBR penetration and dispatch if there is adequate frequency and System Strength support online. 7.2.3 Good Planning Practice Recommendations to implement good plann...
AI summary The text discusses planning practices for integrating renewables in Nova Scotia, emphasizing the need for annual assessments of system inertia and strength, updated model requirements for load and generation, and system studies for load growth and hydro availability. It also highlights the importance of maintaining SCMVA levels and addressing potential grid disconnections due to low system strength.
ower levels do not adversely impact NSPI customers. 7.2.4 System Operator Transition to High IBR Grid Recommendations to support the System Operator transition to a grid with high IBR online. 45 2024 10-Year System Outlook Report NSUARB IR...
AI summary The document outlines recommendations for transitioning the System Operator to a grid with high Inverter-Based Resources (IBR), including developing methodologies to estimate system strength and inertia, and reviewing operating guidelines. It also addresses black start restoration planning for the 2030 grid. A reference to a NERC report on Fast Frequency Response is included.
ntrol and System Strength Assessment 8 References [1] “Fast Frequency Response Concepts and Bulk Power System Reliability Needs”, NERC Inverter-Based Resource Performance Task Force, March 2020 [2] “Experiences with Wind Power Plants with...
AI summary The document provides references to studies and reports on system strength, frequency response, and the integration of renewable energy sources into power systems. It includes materials from NERC, AEMO, CIGRE, and various offshore wind projects, focusing on the impact of inverter-based resources and HVDC systems on grid reliability and stability.
of inverter-connected generation”, CIGRE WG C4.56 Technical brochure, 2022 [7] “Modelling and Simulation Studies to be performed during the lifecycle of HVDC systems”, CIGRE Working Group B4.38, 2013 [8] “A novel virtual synchronous machin...
AI summary The text references various technical documents and studies related to frequency control, system strength, and the integration of inverter-based resources into power systems, including guidelines from CIGRE, IEEE, and NERC.
eries, December 2022 [15] “Practical experience with mitigation of sub-synchronous control interaction in power systems with low system strength”’ Cigre Science and Engineering, Vol No. 21, June 2021 [16] Di Wu, Gangan Li, Milad Javadi, et...
AI summary The document references various studies and reports on power system stability and renewable energy integration, including analyses of sub-synchronous control interaction, system strength, and grid-forming energy storage systems. It also includes a reference to a stability study conducted by Nova Scotia Power for renewable integration.
1 Request IR-17: 2 3 In Section 6.2, Planning Reserve Criteria, NS Power quoted a portion of the NPCC reliability 4 criteria regarding probabilistic evaluation of resource adequacy and various factors that 5 need to be considered in that e...
AI summary NS Power states it has sufficient capacity to meet winter peak demand in 2024/2025, including 239 MW of reserve capacity, and expresses confidence in meeting demand during normal conditions. It also mentions that planning reserve margins are designed to handle abnormal situations such as unplanned outages or lower renewable generation.
achieve the required unit mission. An example of 18 approach would be to increase investment on Lingan Unit 2 to maintain that unit’s 19 availability throughout Winter 2024/2025. Date Filed: September 19, 2024 NSPI (NSUARB) IR-17 Page 2 of...
AI summary The document discusses the need to increase investment in Lingan Unit 2 to ensure its availability during the winter of 2024/2025 as part of the 2024 10-Year System Outlook Report. This is part of NSPI's response to NSUARB information requests.